Pitot Static And Gyrocopic Instruments Flashcards
What is the Pitot Static System?
It measures the aircrafts airspeed, altitude, and vertical speed using pressure difference in ram air. The difference between static air pressure and dynamic air pressure.
Dynamic Pressure= ram air (increases with the faster the aircraft moves)
Static Pressure = caused by the weight of the air (lessens as you go up in latitude)
What three instruments are supported by the Pitot-Static System?
Airspeed Indicator, Vertical Speed Indicator, and the Altimeter
How does the Static Port work?
It measures the pressure differential between Dynamic Air and Static Air without being affected by the aircrafts movement.
How does the Pitot System Give inputs to the Airspeed indicator?
The ASI is the only instrument that uses both the static port and the pitot tube.
The Pitot Tube measures constantly changing dynamic pressure and static pressure (equaling total pressure)
The Static Port provides constant atmospheric pressure readings that do not change.
Both of these readings are needed to give accurate airspeed readings.
Components of the Pitot Static System.
How does the system give inputs to the Altimeter?
Uses the input from the static port to measure against a fixed sealed diaphragm set to 29.92.
As the aircraft climbs the pressure decreases and the pressure difference moves the altimeters needles. And vise versa.
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How does the pitot static system give inputs to the Vertical Speed indicator?
This instrument solely relies on the static port. The static pressure enters the instrument through the static pressure line. The line connects to the inside of the diaphragm, which also has a hole that leaks pressure at a calibrated rate into the instrument casting.
The difference in the pressure between the unrestricted opening and the restricted opening moves the needles on the instrument.
Blocked Pitot Tube with Clear Drain Hole
Blocked Pitot Tube and Drain Hole
Blocked Static Port
How to Fix these Pitot Tube and Static Port Failures in Flight?
How do we Fix the Pitot Tube and Static Port Issues on the Ground/Prevention.
What are the three gyroscopic instruments (in the six pack)?
Artificial Horizon
Heading Indicator
Turn Coordinator
How do Gyroscopes Work?
It has the following components:
A Rotating Wheel
An Axis
A Gimbal
A means of Spinning the Rotor
The Axis= a Datum (sets the standard< anything around it is the measured/displayed change)
Rigidity in Space: The faster something spins the more stable it becomes
Precession: the force applied to the gyro is felt and acted upon at 90* of its rotation (ahead of and in the same direction of the rotation)
What kinds of airspeed do we have?
Indicated Airspeed
Calibrated Airspeed
True Airspeed
Ground Speed
Indicated Airspeed
Calibrated Airspeed
Calibrated airspeed is the same as true airspeed when you are flying at sea level under International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) conditions.
True Airspeed
Ground Speed
Types of Altitude Overview
Pilots use six altitude types:
Indicated
True/MSL
Absolute/AGL
Pressure
Density
Indicated altitude shows the altimeter reading, while true altitude refers to height above MSL.
Absolute altitude measures height above ground, which is critical during approaches and landings.
Pressure and density altitudes impact performance.
Indicated Altitude
True Altitude or MSL
Absolute Altitude/ AGL
Pressure Altitude
Density Altitude
Density Altitude equals Pressure Altitude when Standard Conditions are present
