Pioneers Flashcards
Pierre Delattre
Linguist 1903-1969
-Developed rules for painting patterns of spectrograms
Homer W. Dudley
Electrical Engineer 1896-1987
- pioneer in speech synthesis–making machines that could produce speech-like sounds
- invented the Voice Operation Demonstrator (VODER) 1937-1938–first electric based speech synthesizer
Hermann von Helmotz
Psychophysicist 1821-1894
Instrumental in Developing:
- mathematics of resonance–vibratory response to a force
- key principals of the acoustics and resonance of speech
Demonstrated relationship btwn bottle cavity sizes and resonances
-experimented w/ resonance in bottles: change volume, alter vowel sound produced–implications for vowel production
Helmholtz resonators: hollow glass tubes where he analyzed frequency of complex tones
Alvin Lieberman
Psychologist 1918-2000
-researched speech perception
Franklin Cooper
Physicist 1908-1999
- Designed Pattern Playback speech synthesizer
- -converts painted spectrograms into intelligible speech
- -spectrogram: visible representation of the spectrum of frequencies in a sound/other signal over time
Alexander Graham Bell
Speech Pathologist 1847-1922
-invented the audiometer and telephone
- exceptional teacher of speech to the Deaf
- his DAD, Alexander Melville Bell, developed visible speech: symbols representing the articulation of speech sounds
Henry Sweet
Phonetician and Linguist 1845-1912
-taught English pronunciation
- wrote an adaptation to Visible Speech–precursor to IPA
- recognized as a major contributor to the study of descriptive phonetics
Raymond Herbert Stetson
Physiological Psychologist 1872-1950
-provided a modern scientific basis of study of speech in the US: objective methods and instruments
- career devoted to study of respiration and associated articulatory movements during speech
- measured: air flow, air pressure, related artic. movements, contact btwn roof of mouth and tongue
