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LHW > Pigs > Flashcards

Pigs Flashcards

1
Q

how many pigs do indoor sows rear/yr

A

26

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2
Q

what are the growing weight targets

A

30kg @ 3mo

120kg @ 5mo

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3
Q

what is the target slaughter weight now

A

80kg (4mo ish)

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4
Q

what is the difference bw enzootic and endemic

A

none - just enzootic doesn’t infer human at all

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5
Q

is there any pre-natal transfer ofAb

A

no

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6
Q

do farm animal vaccine eliminate the disease

A

no - just reduce severity of symptoms

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7
Q

what diseases are vaccinated against in sows

A
  1. Preservice:
    a. 2x dose of erysipelas
    b. Parvo 2 wks before service
    c. PRRS is the farm is +ve
    d. Lepto
    e. PCV-2 booster
  2. Post-service
    a. E coli
    b. C perfringens (with e coli too)
    c. Erysipelas booster
    d. Progressive atrophic rhinitis

boost forever after

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8
Q

what disease do you vaccinar growers against

A
  1. M hyo - from 3 do (induced CMI not Ab so MDA doesn’t affect
  2. Pcv2 - combos with M hyo
  3. E coli shiga toxin (4do)
  4. Prrs 3wo
  5. Lawsonia 3wo
  6. Glassers 5wo x 2
  7. Actin pleuropneumoniae 6wo
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9
Q

what vaccinations do we give the pregnant sow before parturition to protect the piglets (via colostrum)

A 
e coli
c perfringens
erysipelas
haeamophilus parasuis
AR
strep suis var 2
PCV2
PRRS
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10
Q

why is water admin of vaccine often a bad idea

A

if you have chlorinated the bore hole water - kills vacc

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11
Q

desc where you give IM inj in igs

A

behind ear
lat-dorsal
where the dorsal rim of the ear would be if you flattened it back

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12
Q

what are thee grade 1 - first choice abx

A

tetracycline
penicillin
aminoglycosides

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13
Q

what do lots of water medications use as a carrier and why is this a potential issue

A

sucrose

yeast might start to grow in water tanks!

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14
Q

name the main anti-coccidiostat used

A

toltrazuril

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15
Q

how much do pigs drink in a day

A

100ml/kg/d

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16
Q

generally, what is the appetite of pigs

A

weaners/grower - 2-4% BWt/d
dry sows - 1.5% BWT/d
lactating sows - 0.5-5% BWt/d

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17
Q

what is the born alive target

A

11.5/litter

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18
Q

what is the farrowing index target

A

2.4litters/yr

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19
Q

what are the main reasons for infertility/reduced fertility

A

nutrition
crap AI/service and hygiene –> cervicitis
mycotoxis
stress
seasona (august)
pigs rarely suffer from anoestrus (farmer error),

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20
Q

a good way to improve fertility is to synchronise the individuals

A

GILTS:
- give altrenogest (regiment) for 18d, then predictable oestrous 5-7d after stopped
SOWS:
- use regumate in farrowing shed to delay, oestrous 5-7d after end

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21
Q

what do GnRH analogues do

A

give after weaning to stimulate ovulation (inc FSH and LH). they will ovulate 1.5d later

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22
Q

names ome infectiou scauses of foetal death - which ones cause abortions

A 
SMEDI - no abortion
Parvo - no abortion
Aujeszkys - abortion
PRRS - +- abortion (may be born weak)
Erysipelas - abortion
Lepto - abortion
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23
Q

when is the target age and weight to mate a gilt

A

130kg @ 220do

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24
Q

how do you treat dystocia in pigs

A
  • pull around eye sockets carefully
  • oxytocin (02ml at farrwing - low dose)
  • anti-inflame/NSAIDs
  • PGs if predicting issue as these are 24hr before due date
25
Q

what do you use to sedate and GA pigs

A

sedate - azaperone

GA - ketmine

26
Q

why are uterine prolapses os scary

A

the uterus is held in place by the uterine arteries.. so if they go - ahhhh

27
Q

why do piglet die

A 
small
a-glucosaemia - one teat has no milk
starved
laid on
cold - no brown fat
28
Q

what is MMA

A

mastitis, metritis, agalactia
‘farrowing fever’
gorging pre-farrowing, constipation, DH, poor BCS, coliform, klebsiella

29
Q

how do you tx MMA

A

dex
oxytocin
trimethroprim sulphonamides
analgesia

30
Q

what are the viral, bacterial and parasitic causes of scour

A
  • rotavirus
  • PED
  • PRRS
  • e coli
  • c perfringens type A, B, C
  • isospora suis
  • crypto
  • strongyloides
31
Q

WHAT ARE SOM ENON-INFECTIOUS CAUSES OF SCOUR

A 
- milk
crap nutition
crap hygiene
lack of colostrum
chilling
fostering
32
Q

why is a 1kg loss of BWt at weaning significant later on

A

means a loss of 10d until reches slaughter weight

33
Q

what is the min weaning age

A

21d (EU) but 28d legally (UK), UK ave 20-30…..

34
Q

why is acidified water commonly used in weaners

A

to get stomach pH for 4, not the 5.5 its currently at - reduce bacterial overgrowth!

35
Q

why do weaner get so many GI disease

A 
stress
house change
weaned
diet change
mixed groups
colder
gorge themselves
dirtier
36
Q

name som eddx for enteritis in weaners

A 
salm
e coli
nutritional
rotavirus
PMWS
ileitis and colitis
PED (not in UK yet)
37
Q

name the major disease of growers (not just infectious..!)

A 
PRDC
enteritic agents
vices
erysipelas
lameness
38
Q

where do you have to go to find ID questions

A

3rd year ID FC and notes!

39
Q

growers often get scours from poor nutrition, gorgeing, restricted cereal feeds, and brachyspira and lawsonia infections. how do you treat them

A

lincomycin and spectinomycin

40
Q

vices are because they are bored, right?

A 
NO
frustration and discontentment
draughts
inapprop stocking
insuff food or water
41
Q

what is a common cause of arthritis inn old sows

A

mycoplasma hysynoviae

will respond to tiamulin and lincomycin, unlike a OCD (a ddx)

42
Q

pet pigs, partic when on small hodling, are at risk from what 2 disease of sheep and cattle

A

cattle - MCF

sheep - ovine herpes 2

43
Q

name the zoonotic disease pigs can get (and spread!) - that are actually impt in UK

A 
swine flu
strep suis var 2
salmonella
ringworm
lepto
hep E (if you eat raw liver....eww)
e coli
campylobacter jejuni
crypto
44
Q

pet pigs get fed stupid diets, they are often deficient in:

A

vitB (biotin - cracke dhooves)
vit E
Zn (parakeratosis)
EFAs

45
Q

how do you tx erysipelas

A
  • vacc 2x yr

penicillin tx

46
Q

what is the pig louse calles

A

hamaetopinus parasuis

47
Q

whats a basic tx plan for septicaemis

A

penicillin - h. parasuis, APP, strep and staph
tetraclycine - h. parasuis, pasteruella
florfenical if stubborn

48
Q

basic desc of how youd castracte boars

A 
sedate accurately as azaperone (stresnil) can cause excitement!
2x incisions; twist and pull
leave open
abx cover and tetanus
**<7do anyone can do it..*
49
Q

what is a routine worming protocolq

A

4x yr with panacur (flubendazole)

- ascarids, trichuris, hyostrongylus, oesophagostomum, metastrongyle

50
Q

what needle for IM injection of pig

A

1.5 inche; 16G

51
Q

what needle for IM piglet

A

1.5inch, 21G

52
Q

is stresnil (azaperone) and analgesic and sedative

A

NO just seative

53
Q

what analgesics can be used in pigs

A

most NSAIDs. bute - not allowed in foodchain - but how is this monitored?

54
Q

how do you euthanase a pig

A

with difficulty:

  • gun preferred
  • must pithe!
55
Q

what causes poisoning in pigs

A 
same as other spp mainly
phenols
anti-freeze
OPs
Pb
warfarin
phototoxicity - parsley 
monensine (coccidiostat)
56
Q

what do you do when you suspect a Notifiable disease

A

report to APHA

DONT LEAVE

57
Q

if an outbreak of diseases, during an investigation how many PME shuld you do

A

5 at least

58
Q

desc basic method of PME-ing a pog

A
  • Axilla, to flatten legs
  • Cut down to hip joint
  • Open adbo cranial lay near the diaphragm (care)
  • Open fully using scalpel upside down
  • Reflect skin
  • Cut around sternum at costochondral jct
  • Spread ribs
  • Cut to base of mouth
59
Q

what is feedback feeding

A

feeding poo to gilts to give their babies protection against rotavirus…

LHW (13 decks)

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