Pigments, Minerals, and Cytoplasmic Granules Flashcards
Incubating Prussian Blue solution contains
potassium ferrocyanide and dilute HCl
A method for the demonstration of argentaffin granules is the:
a. Fontana silver nitrate
b. Bloch dopa reaction
c. Bodian silver protein stain
d. Wilder silver stain
a
A stain used to demonstrate calcium is:
von Kossa silver nitrate
Which of the following pigments reduces silver?
a. carbon
b. formalin
c. hemosiderin
d. bile
formalin
What demonstrates urate crystals?
methenamine silver
A reducing or developing solution is used in which of the following techniques?
a. Schmorl
b. Fontana Masson
c. Hall
d. Churukian-Schenk
d. Churukian-Schenk
Rhodanine is used to demonstrate:
copper
An aid to the definite identification of anthracotic pigment is:
a. easy removal with saturated alcoholic pigment
b. demonstration with the Prussian blue reaction
c. insolubility in concentrated sulfuric acid
d. property of birefringence
c. insolubility in concentrated sulfuric acid
When the content of tissue to be studied by micro-incineration, the recommended fixative is:
formalin-alcohol
Argentaffin granules present in ells of the gastrointestinal tract are best preserved with:
10% NBF
The end product of the Prussian blue reaction is:
ferric ferrocyanide
The Turnball stain is used for the detection of:
ferrous iron
The end product of the Turnball reaction is:
potassium ferrous ferricyanide
Red cells are very eosinophilic because of the content of:
hemoglobin
Melanin can be demonstrated with
Schmorl techniques
The end product of the Schmorl reaction is:
Turnball blue
A good control for the Schmorl technique is a section of:
small intestine
The preferred fixative for the Churukian-Schenk technique is:
buffered formalin
A tissue control for the Fontana-Masson stain is:
skin
In the Hall technique, bilirubin is oxidized to biliverdin by:
Fouchet reagent
The Grimelius technique will demonstrate substances that can:
bind silver but need a chemical reducer
The preferred fixative for the Grimelius technique is:
buffered formalin
The preferred fixative for the Fontana Masson technique is:
buffered formalin
Tissue that can be used as a control for the Grimelius technique:
small intestine
The Churukian-Schenk technique will demonstrate substances that can:
bind silver but need a chemical reducer
An argentaffin substance present in some tissues is:
a. iron
b. calcium
c. melanin
d. copper
melanin
The control for the Hall stain must contain:
bile
Polarized light is frequently used to demonstrate:
a. chromaffin granules
b. urate crystals
c. hemoglobin
d. tattoo pigment
b. urate crystals
Which of the following is a good control for iron?
a. GI tract
b. kidney
c. spleen
d. heart
c. spleen
Fouchet reagent is used for the demonstration of:
bile
The preferred fixative for gouty tophus is:
Absolute alcohol
The Fontana-Masson technique will demonstrate substances that can:
both bind and reduce silver
Pigment lying on top of tissue is most likely:
a. endogenous
b. anthracotic
c. artifact
d. exogenous
artifact
Polarized light can be used to assist in the identification of which of the following pigments?
a. anthracotic
b. hemosiderin
c. formalin
d. melanin
formalin
Bile is stained emerald green in the method of:
Hall
A good control for the Lindquist rhodanine technique is fetal:
liver
A substance that can both binds and reduce silver is defined as
argentaffin
The Schmorl technique demonstrates substances that are classified as
reducing
Methenamine silver is often used in the demonstration of
urates
Melanin present in tissue can be bleached with the use of
potassium permanganate
Chromaffin granules are found in the cells of the
adrenal gland
Which of the following is a breakdown product of hemoglobin?
a. melanin
b. ceroid
c. bile
d. lipofscin
c. bile
Sections of bone marrow reveal no iron stores when stained with Prussian Blue. This is most likely an artifact due to:
a. decalcification with a strong acid
b. fixation with alcoholic formalin
c. fixation with Zenker containing 3% acetic acid
d. incubation in the staining solution for 1 hour
decalcification with a strong acid
When viewed with a light microscope, a 5 micrometer paraffin section from tissue known to contain a gouty tophus fails to reveal any staining with the Gomori methenamine silver technique. To prevent this from happening in the future:
a. ensure fixation with absolute alcohol
b. cut the section and 10-12 micrometers
c. apply appropriate washing after fixation
d. use polarizing microscopy
ensure fixation with absolute alcohol (urates are soluble in aqueous fixatives)
Sections of skin stained with Fontana-Masson show dark black melanosomes and dirty gray staining of both the squamous epithelium and collagen. This is most likely a result of:
a. poor staining with nuclear fast
b. prolonged incubation in the silver solution
c. extended application of gold chloride solution
d. the use of contaminated glassware
prolonged incubation in the silver solution
A section of ileum stained with Fontana-Masson shows a marked black precipitate on top of the section. This could most likely be prevented in the future by:
a. using chemically cleaned glassware
b. increasing incubation time
c. omitting the use of a reducer
d. using the silver immediately after preperation
using chemically cleaned glassware
A section of ileum stained with the Grimelius technique does not demonstrate any positively stained cells. This is most likely due to:
a. a lack of Paneth cells in the section
b. keeping the hydroquinone in the refrigerator
c. the use of old developer
d. overtoning of the section
the use of old developer - developer is a reducing solution that is necessary to reduce silver into its metallic form
When viewed with the light microscope, a 5-micrometer paraffin section from tissue known to contain a gouty tophus fails to reveal any staining with methenamine silver. The presence of the tophus could be verified by examining the tissue with which kind of microscope?
Polarizing
Control section stained with the Prussian blue reaction show diffuse blue staining, and the solution is also blue. One possible explanation is that the:
a. slides were incubated for 1 hour at room temp
b. control chose contains a soluble form of iron
c. staining jar was contaminated
d. section is too thick
staining jar was contaminated
On x-ray, a breast biopsy revealed areas of microcalcification. Multiple sections of the paraffin embedded tissue stained with the H&E and von Kossa techniques fail to determine these areas. This would occur if the tissue was fixed in:
a. 10% NBF
b. Bouin solution
c. B- 5 solution
d. absolute alcohol
Bouin- acidic fixatives such a bouin will remove calcium
Section of fetal liver were cut a 3 to 4 micrometers, stained with rhodanine for 18 hrs at 37C, and then counterstained with Mayer hematoxylin. Very little copper can be seen when the slides are examined. This is likely due to:
a. fetal liver is not a good control
b. the sections are too thin
c. the staining time was prolonged
d. the temp was elevated
the sections are too thin - should be cut at 6-8 micrometers
In her clinical studies, a student has prepared Fouchet reagent with acetic acid and ferric chloride for the demonstration of bile. Microscopic examination of the stained slides reveals a negative result. This was because it should have bee prepared with:
ferric chloride and trichloroacetic acid
