Connective and Muscle Tissues

Question 1

With both Masson and Gomori trichrome procedure, muscle stains:

Answer 1

red

Question 2

Which of the following methods demonstrate elastic tissue?

a. Verhoeff-van Gieson
b. silver impregnation
c. Gomori trichrome
d. PAS

Answer 2

a. Verhoeff-van Gieson

Question 3

The first step in most reticulin methods is:

Answer 3

oxidation. First oxidation, then sensitation, silver impregnation, reduction, toning, and removing unreduced silver.

Question 4

The Verhoeff method differentiates with:

Answer 4

excess mordant

Question 5

Van Gieson stains collagen what color?

Answer 5

red

Question 6

Bouin solution functions in the Masson trichrome stains as a/an:

Answer 6

mordant

Question 7

The components of Van Gieson solution are:

Answer 7

picric acid and acid fuchsin

Question 8

Gomori aldehyde fuchsin solution contains:

Answer 8

basic fuchsin, hydrochloric acid, and paraldehyde

Question 9

Most silver stains use what as a toning agent?

Answer 9

gold chloride

Question 10

The reducing agent in most reticulin stains is:

Answer 10

formaldehyde

Question 11

Mallory PTAH stain is:

a. polychromic
b. orthochromatic
c. metachromatic
d. apochromatic

Answer 11

a. polychromatic - one stain - two colors.

Question 12

A good control for reticulin stain is:

Answer 12

liver

Question 13

Toluidine blue is used to demonstrate which type of cells?

Answer 13

Mast

Question 14

The component of basement membranes that is usually demonstrated with special stains is:

a. protein
b. carbohydrate
c. laminin
d. collagen

Answer 14

b. carbohydrate

Question 15

A stain that might be used to demonstrate cirrhosis of the liver is the:

Answer 15

Masson Trichrome

Question 16

In the Masson trichrome, Biebrich scarlet is removed from the collagen by:

Answer 16

phosphotungstic acid

Question 17

Iron hematoxylin, rather than aluminum hematoxylin, is usually used to stain nuclei in trichrome procedures because…

Answer 17

subsequent staining solutions are acidic, and will therefore wash off the aluminum hematoxylin

Question 18

The preferred fixative for the Masson trichrome stain is:

Answer 18

Bouin

Question 19

Silver impregnation stains for reticulin depend on the formation of which of the following chemical groups?

a. quinoid
b. aldehyde
c. carboxyl
d. amino

Answer 19

aldehyde

Question 20

The diamine silver complex is formed by a reaction between silver and:

Answer 20

ammonium hydroxide

Question 21

Sections for the demonstration of the basement membrane should be cut at what thickness?

Answer 21

2 micrometers

Question 22

The oil red o stain required what type of sectioning?

Answer 22

frozen

Question 23

The oil red o stain might be used to demonstrate:

a. rhabdomyosarcomas
b. leiomyosarcomas
c. liposarcomas
d. adenocarcinomas

Answer 23

c. liposarcomas

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of physical staining?

a. toluidine blue
b. verhoeff-van gieson
c. methenamine silver
d. oil red o

Answer 24

oil red o because the tissue absorbs the stain

Question 25

Fat is chemically fixed and maintained in tissue by:

Answer 25

osmium tetroxide

Question 26

Plasma cells can be demonstrated with:

Answer 26

methyl green pyronin

Question 27

When ferric ammonium sulfate is used in a silver stain for reticulin, it functions as the:

Answer 27

sensitizer

Question 28

Mallory PTAH solution is ripened for immediate use by using:

Answer 28

potassium permaginate

Question 29

When used in a silver stain for reticulin, phosphomolybdic acid functions as the:

Answer 29

oxidizer

Question 30

The Verhoeff-van Gieson shows both orange collagen and orange muscle. This can be corrected by:

Answer 30

ensuring that the picric acid solution is saturated, otherwise all tissues will stain the same color

Question 31

The Masson trichrome stain shows only a faint grayish-pink staining of muscle. This could most likely by prevent in the future by:

Answer 31

using fresh acid-fuchsin-Beibrich scarlet solution

Question 32

A black precipitate is noted in a periodic acid-methenamine silver stained section that has been on a pathologists desk for about a month, but the stain did not have any precipitates originally. This could be due to:

Answer 32

sodium thiosulfate step may have been omitted. sodium thiosulfate is used to remove unreduced silver so if it was omitted then the silver can reduce in the sun light.

Question 33

Formalin fixed tissue shows very faded blue staining with the Masson trichrome technique. This could be due to:

Answer 33

left to long in the final acetic acid step. - this can cause overdifferentiation

Question 34

Microscopic examination of a section stained with the Gomori reticulin stain and counterstained with nuclear fast red shows cloudiness of both the section and slide. This is due to:

Answer 34

inadequate washing after nuclear fast red.

Question 35

Granular deposition of the silver is seen on the control stained with the Gordon and Sweets reticulin method. One possible reason could be:

Answer 35

The reagents may have been old.

Question 36

Black precipitation is seen on sections stained with Gomori method for reticulin. This is most likely the result of:

Answer 36

using glassware that was not chemically cleaned

Question 37

A Masson stain has been requested and the supply of phosphomolybdic acid has been depleted. The best action would be to substitute:

Answer 37

phosphotungstic acid

Question 38

The connective tissue has failed to stain yellow in the Movat pentachrome stain. One possible reason could be:

Answer 38

safran solution contains water.

Question 39

The goblet cells in a section of small intestine fail to shoe any blue staining with the Movat pentachrome. This could possibly be a result of:

Answer 39

treating the slides with alkaline alcohol too briefly. The alkaline alcohol converts alcian blue to monstral fast blue, which is insoluble.Complete conversion is necessary otherwise the alcian blue will decolorize during the remainder of the procedure.