Pigmentary DIsorders Flashcards
Dry scaling patches of skin, hypopigmented slightly scaly ill-defined macules or patches on the face of dark skin children
Pityriasis alba
Very common in kids and adolescents, low-grade dermatitis with post-inflammatory hypopigmentation
Pityriasis alba
TX for Pityriasis alba
Moisturizer, sunscreen
Superficial fungal infection; caused by Malassezia (fungi) that can make azaleic acid which blocks pigment production; hyphae on microscopy
Tinea Versicolor
Can present with brown, pink, or hypopigmented round macules, patches or thin plaques with invokable scale
Tinea Versicolor
TX for Tinea Versicolor
Ketoconazole or selenium sulfide shampoo for large areas; topical imidazole creams for small areas
Form of pigmentary mosaicism, genetic heterogeneity of the skin cells, hypopigmented not depigmented
Nevus Depigmentosus
Acquired disorder due to autoimmune destruction of melanocytes, depigmented macules, and patches; polygenic disorder- likely genetic + environmental disorder
Vitiligo
TX for Vitiligo
local: Topical steroid, immunomodulator
Widespread: phototherapy or immunosuppressive agent
The genetic disorder, the partial or total absence of melanin within skin, hair, eyes, the number of melanocytes are normal; decreased melanin production due to decreased tyrosinase activity or defective tyrosine transport.
Albinism
Acquired disorder, Women > Men, symmetric hyperpigmented patches on cheeks, forehead temples
Melasma
TX for Melasma
Hydroquinone, Tretinoin, azelaic acid
Melanin pigment deposition following other cutaneous inflammation; the shadow left behind; takes months to years to fade, worsen by sun exposure
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
Trauma, bug bites, phytophotodermatitis; blue-grey increased pigmentation
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
Minocycline, Amiodarone, Silver are common causing agents of
Drug-induced pigmentation
