Morphology Flashcards
(primary/secondary) lesion is the initial lesion that occurs
Primary
flat, not palpable, < 1cm
Macule
Examples of external forces that can cause secondary lesions (erosions, ulcers, etc.)
Scratching
Trauma
Infection
Healing process
flat, not palpable, > 1cm, may have macules that coalesce into patches
Patch
raised, palpable, <1cm, elevated due to thickening of the epidermis or cell deposits in the dermis
Papule
raised, palpable, >1cm, elevated due to thickening of the epidermis or cell deposits in the dermis, may have papules that coalesce into a plque
Plaque
A LARGER, deeper papule, elevated but deeper condition, dermis or subcutaneous fat, greatest mass beneath the surface, may be compressible, rubbery, or firm
Nodule
blister with clear fluid, <1cm
Vesicle
blister >1cm
Bulla
vesicle with purulent material, elevated, <1cm, maybe infectious or sterile
Pustule
(primary/secondary) lesions are the changes that occur over time or manipulation (scratching, trauma, infection, etc.)
Secondary
serous, dried serum, hemorrhagic
crust
accumulation of stratum corneum due to increased proliferation of keratinocytes or decreased desquamation of keratinocytes; variable types and patterns
scale
linear break in the epidermis, painful
fissures
loss of epidermis, moist oozing, bleeding
erosion
deeper involvement than erosion, at least all of epidermis lost and parts of dermis too
ulcer
scratched marks
Excoriation
thinning of the epidermis leading to wrinkling and a shiny appearance
epidermal atrophy
loss of dermal collagen leading to depression in the skin
dermal atrophy
thickening of the epidermis with accentuation of the skin lines
lichenification
a procedure usually for biopsy of lesions where goal is removal of a portion of the epidermis and superficial dermis
shave biopsy
Technique of choice for rash evaluation or when you need to see what’s happening in the dermis, 4mm deep and across
punch biopsy
evaluation of dermis and subcutaneous fat
incisional biopsy
liquid nitrogen application at 196 degrees Celcius. Used to treat AK, SK, skin tags, warts, it may lead to hypopigmentation since melanocytes are more sensitive than keratinoyctes
cryotherapy
a tool that uses polarized light to look for vessel patterns and other features
dermoscopy
Scraping superficially with blade to remove stratum corenum and evaluate for fungal organisms on light microscopy. Used for tinea corporis, pedis, tinea versicolor
KOH Prep
Scraping s. corneum to look for scabies mites or ova on light microscopy. Mineral oil or KOH is used
Scabies prep
