Inflammatory Skin Conditions Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

chronic disease that presents as largely symmetric erythematous well-defined plaques with overlying silvery scale; extensors (elbows, knees) and scalp, buttocks, sacrum, umbilicus are common locations; thought to be due to cytokines triggering a hyperproliferative state resulting in thick skin and excessive scale

A

Psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

MOST COMMON type of psoriasis

A

Plaque Psoriasis (silvery scale)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

type of psoriasis commonly seen in younger people; often seen after STREPTOCOCCAL pharyngitis

A

Guttate Psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

type of psoriasis morphology; lesions located in SKIN FOLDS (axilla,groin, etc.); may lack scale due to moistness of area

A

Inverse/Flexural psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

type of psoriasis; widespread, generalized erythema covering nearly ALL (>80%) of the body surface; hospitalization is sometimes needed

A

Erythrodermic psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

type of psoriasis morphology; pustules; triggered by corticosteroid withdrawal; generalized; can be LIFE-THREATENING

A

Pustular psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

indicates higher risk of psoriatic arthritis (90% have it); can involve pitting, onycholysis (separation of nail plate from nail bed) and hyperkeratosis

A

Nail Psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Psoriasis is complicated ____ driven disease involving cytokines (TNFa and IL-23)

A

T-cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What cytokine stimulates Th17 cells to release IL-17 and IL-22 leading to proliferation of keratinocytes and dermal inflammation?

A

IL-23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

High levels of ____ correlate with psoriasis severity

A

IL-22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What gene accounts for up to 50% psoriasis?

A

PSORS1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Histopathology of psoriasis

A
  1. Regular acanthosis with elongated rete ridges
  2. Vessels in dermal papillae
  3. Parakeratosis and lack of s. granulosum
  4. munro microabscesses (neutrophils on top of parakeratosis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Treatment for Psoriasis

A
  1. Topical steroids first for limited disease

2. Phototherapy, Biologic agents (TNF-a inhibitors) and Oral meds (Methotrexate) for systemic/widespread disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acute red scaly rash that occurs in adolescents/young patients; starts as a HERALD patch (ring-shaped with clear center) and will progress to a CHRISTMAS TREE pattern along skin lines on trunk; unknown etiology but maybe associated with HHV6 infection; SELF-LIMITING in 6-8 weeks; no treatment needed

A

Pityriasis rosea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Type I hypersensitivity reaction (Th2 cytokine predominance) that commonly impacts infants and young children; itchy (pruritus) rash; associated with other atopic diseases (seasonal allergy, asthma); commonly seen in flexural areas; increased serum IgE

A

Atopic Dermatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Atopic dermatitis is caused by what mutation?

A

FLG (filaggrin) gene mutation –> epidermal barrier dysfunction –> transepidermal water loss

17
Q

Atopic dermatitis puts at risk for what secondary infections?

A

staph causing impetigo (crusting lesions)

18
Q

Treatment for atopic dermatitis

A

Repair epidermal barrier function (topical steroids first line tx & thick moisturizers to treat xerosis)

19
Q

What must be avoided as tx for Atopic Dermatitis?

A

systemic steroids (oral like prednisone) can cause rebound symptoms

20
Q

50-80% of children with Atopic Dermatitis will have another atopic disease, like Asthma or Allergic Rhinitis

A

Atopic Triad/March

21
Q

Eczema seen classically in lower legs in adults, very itchy and nummular (coin shaped)

A

Nummular Eczema

22
Q

Eczema described as “dry riverbed”, superficial fissuring from extreme dry skin leading to dermatitis; common in lower legs in winter months

A

Asteatotic Eczema

23
Q

Tx for Eczema (nummular and asteatotic)

A

moisturizer, topical steroids

24
Q

Skin disease seen in patients with lower extremity edema who then develop overlying dermatitis; DO NOT confuse with bilater lower extremity cellulitis; no fever, chills

A

Stasis dermatitis

25
Q

Tx for Stasis dermatitis

A

compression stockings, topical steroids

26
Q

T-cell mediated disease against keratinocytes triggered idiopathically; purple pruritic flat-topped papules; histology shows lichenoid pattern (dense band of lymphocytes in dermal papillae); commonly found in genitalia, lower legs, wrists; Wickham’s striae (white lines in papules)

A

Lichen planus

27
Q

Tx for lichen planus

A

Topical steroids, prednisone taper

28
Q

White atrophic plaques on genital skin caused by autoimmune reaction against extracellular matrix protein; very itchy; more common in women

A

Lichen sclerosus

29
Q

Lichen sclerosus must be treated because if left untreated..

A
  1. scarring and loss of normal anatomy can occur

2. risk for scc

30
Q

Tx for Lichen sclerosus

A

Potent topical steroids for long term

31
Q

Recurrent nodules, abscesses, and draining at intertriginous sites (groin, axillae, buttocks) due to chronic inflammation of hair follicles; more common in women and black patients

A

Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)

32
Q

What factors worsen HS

A

Obesity, smoking, friction

33
Q

Tx for Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS)

A

Weight loss, smoking cessation, oral antibiotics

34
Q

Targetoid appearance rash commonly seen on palms, soles, mouth; most frequent after infection (HSV and mycoplasma); self-limiting; treat underlying infection

A

Erythema multiforme