Piaget - Ch. 5

Question 1

Adaptation

Answer 1

responding to environmental challenges

Question 2

Mental scheme

Answer 2

organizing experiences into concepts

Question 3

Operations

Answer 3

the cognitive methods used by the child to organize schemes and experiences to direct subsequent actions

Question 4

Equilibrium

Answer 4

the balance between what the child knows and can act on, and what the environment provides

Question 5

Assimilation

Answer 5

The ability to take a new situation and change it to match an existing scheme or generalization

Question 6

Accommodation

Answer 6

The development of a new scheme in response to the reality of a situation or discrimination

Question 7

Reflexive Stage
Sensorimotor period (birth to 2 years)

Answer 7

Schemes begin in response to reflexes (1 mo)

Question 8

Primary Circular Reactions
Sensorimotor period (birth to 2 years)

Answer 8

Child learns about cause and effect as a result of reflexive sensorimotor patterns that are repeated for enjoyment (2-4 mo)

Question 9

Secondary Circular Reactions
Sensorimotor period (birth to 2 years)

Answer 9

Voluntary movement patterns emerge due to a coordination of vision and hand function and an early awareness of cause and effect develops (5-8 mo)

Question 10

Coordination of Secondary Schemata
Sensorimotor period (birth to 2 years)

Answer 10

Voluntary movement in response to stimuli that cannot be seen such as in object permanence, and early development of decentered thought (9-12 mo)

Question 11

Tertiary Circular Reactions
Sensorimotor period (birth to 2 years)

Answer 11

Seeks out new schemes with improved gross and fine motor abilities; tool use begins (12-18 mo)

Question 12

Inventions of New Means through Mental Combinations
Sensorimotor period (birth to 2 years)

Answer 12

The child demonstrates insight and purposeful tool use, and explores problem solving options. The ability to represent concepts without direct manipulation (18 mo - 2 years)

Question 13

Classification
Preoperational Period (2-7 years)

Answer 13

Categorizes objects according to similarities and differences

Question 14

Seriation
Preoperational Period (2-7 years)

Answer 14

the relationship of one object or classification of objects to another

Question 15

Conservation
Preoperational Period (2-7 years)

Answer 15

Child is able to recognize the continuities of an object or class of objects in spite of apparent changes (i.e notice that water is still same sized water when poured into different sized glasses)

Question 16

Phase 1 of Preoperational Period (2-7 years)

Preconceptual

Answer 16

The child expands vocabulary and symbolic representation (2-4 years)

Question 17

Phase 2 of Preoperational Period (2-7 years)

Intuitive thought phase

Answer 17

Child imitates and bases conclusions on what he/she believes to be true rather than logic (4-7 years)

Question 18

Reversibility

Concrete Operations - Age 7-11

Answer 18

An expansion of conservation, leads to increased spatial awareness

Question 19

Rules

Concrete Operations - Age 7-11

Answer 19

As rules are better understood, they are also applied

Question 20

Empirical-inductive thinking

Concrete Operations - Age 7-11

Answer 20

Solves problems with the information that is obvious and present

Question 21

Hypothetical

Formal Operations - age 11 - teen years

Answer 21

deductive thinking - the ability to analyze and plan.
Child uses logic to hypothesize many ways to solve problems, and can draw from past and present experiences to imagine what can have an effect on future situations