Gross Motor Skills - Ch. 5 Flashcards
Prone Position
0-2 mo
Turns head to side, lifts head momentarily, bends hips with bottom in air, lifts head and sustains in midline, rotates head freely when up, able to bear weight on forearms, able to tuck chin and gaze at hands in forearm prop, and attempts to shift weight on forearms, resulting in shoulder collapse.
Prone Position 5-6 mo
Shifts weight on forearms and reaches forward, bears weight and shifts weight on extended arms, legs are closer together and thighs roll inward toward natural alignment, hips are flat on surface, and equilibrium reactions are present.
Prone Position
5-8 mo
7-8 mo
9 mo
5-8 mo - airplane posturing in prone posturing - chest and thighs lift off floor
7-8 mo - pivots in prone position, moves to prone position to sit
9 mo - begins to dislike prone position
Supine position
0-3 mo
3-4 mo
4-5 mo
0-3 mo - head held to one side, able to turn head side to side
3-4 mo - holds head in midline, chin is tucked and neck lengthens in back, legs come together, lower back flattens against the floor
4-5 mo - head lag is gone when pulled to a sitting position, hands are together in space
Supine position
5-6 mo
7-8 mo
5-6 mo - lifts head independently, brings feet to mouth, brings hands to feet, able to reach for toy with one or both hands, hands are predominantly open
7-8 mo - equilibrium reactions are present
Rolling
3-4 mo - rolls from prone to side accidentally because of poor control of weight shift, rolls from supine to side
5-6 mo - rolls from prone to supine, rolls from spine to side or prone with right and left leg performing independent movements
6-14 mo - rolls segmentally with roll initiated by the head, shoulder, or hips
Creeping
7 mo - crawls forward on belly
7- 10 mo - reciprocal creep
10-11 mo - creeps on hands and feet
11-12 mo - creeps well
Sitting
0-3 mo
Baby held in sitting, head bobs in sitting, back is rounded, hips are apart, turned out and bent, head is steady, chin tucks; able to gaze at floor, sits with less support, hips are bent and shoulders are in front of hips
Sitting
5-6 mo
Sits along momentarily, supports self in sitting, increased extension in back, sits by propping forward on arms, wide base, legs are bent, periodic use of “high guard” position, and protective responses present when falling to the front
Sitting
5- 10 mo
6-11 mo
5-10 mo - sits alone steadily, initially with wide base of support, able to play with toys in sitting position
6-11 mo - able to get to sitting position from prone
Sitting
7-8 mo
Equilibrium reactions are present, able to rotate upper body while lower body remains stationary, protective responses are present when falling to the side
Sitting
8-10 mo
Sits well without support, legs are closer; full upright position, knees straight, increased variety of sitting positions, including “w” sit and side sit, difficult fine motor tasks may prompt return to wide base of support
Sitting
9-18 mo
10-12 mo
9-18 mo - Rises from supine by first rolling over to stomach then pushing up into four-point position
10-12 mo - Protective extension backwards, first with bent elbows then straight elbows, able to move in and out of sitting into other positions
Sitting
11-12 mo
11-24 mo +
11-12 mo - Trunk control and equilibrium responses are fully developed in sitting position, further increase in variety of positions
11-24 mo + - Rises from supine by first rolling to the side then pushing up into sitting position
Standing
0-3 mo
2-3 mo
3-4 mo
0-3 mo - when held in standing position, takes some weight on legs
2-3 mo - when held in standing position, legs may give way
3-4 mo - bears some weight on legs; but must be held proximally, head is up in midline, no chin tuck, pelvis and hips are behind shoulders, and legs are apart and turned outward
