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Physiology > Physiology Review Slides Lec. 22 > Flashcards

Physiology Review Slides Lec. 22 Flashcards

1
Q

How quickly can Lethal Pulmonary Edema can occur?

A

Within Minutes or Hours

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2
Q

Right Ventricle Pressure in mmHg

  • Systole
  • Diastole
A
  • 25 mmHg

- 0-1 mmHg

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3
Q

How many Zones can the lungs be divided into?

A

3

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4
Q

Mean Pulmonary CAPILLARY Pressure

A

7mmHg

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5
Q

Pulmonary Artery Pressure in mmHg

  • Systole
  • Diastole
A
  • 24-25mmHg

- 8-9mmHg

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6
Q

The 2 Circulations of the Lungs

A
  1. High Pressure, Low flow

2. Low Pressure, High flow

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7
Q

Mean Pulmonary ARTERIAL Pressure

A

15mmHg

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8
Q

Apices of the Lungs have what zone of blood flow?

A

Zone 2

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9
Q

Normal Atm O2 and CO2 Partial Pressure

A

O2
- 150mmHg

CO2
- 0mmHg

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10
Q

What is the cause of a Va/Q ratio to be 0?

A

OBSTRUCTION to the airways

- Mucus Plug

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11
Q

What does Va/Q = Infinity force the body to do?

A
  • No blood flow

- Must make a PHYSIOLOGICAL shunt

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12
Q

When is Va/Q normal?

A

When BOTH factors are Normal for a given Alveolus

  • Normal Breathing
  • Normal blood flow
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13
Q

Why does the Alveolar Gas exchange remain unchanged when Va/Q = Infinity

A

Alveolar Gas composition remains UNCHANGED because there is No blood Contact

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14
Q

High pressure, low flow in the Lungs

A
  • Found in the THORACIC AORTA as it goes to the Bronchial arteries
  • Goes to the Trachea, Bronchial Tree, Adventitia, and CT
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15
Q

Most common causes of Pulmonary Edema?

A
  • Left Sided heart failure
    (Mitral Valve disease)
  • Damage to the Pulmonary blood Capillary MEMBRANES
    (Infections or breathing noxious substances)
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16
Q

When is Gas exchange complete in the capillary during Normal Ventilation?

A

In the Initial THIRD of the Capillary

17
Q

Lower areas of the Lungs have what time of Zone flow?

A

Zone 3

18
Q

Cause for the Alveolar Gas exchange to be Va/Q = Infinity

A

Pulmonary Embolism

19
Q

In the Standing position, what is the ratio of blood flow to the Top and Lower parts of the Lungs?

A
  • Little Blood flow to the TOP of the Lungs

- 5x as much to the Bottom of lungs

20
Q

T/F: All of the Bronchial arteries come off of the Thoracic Aorta

A

False

  • No all but some
21
Q

Low Pressure flow is measures to be what?

A

7 ml/mm Hg

22
Q

What happens when the [O2] in Alveoli is 70% or BELOW Normal?

A
  • Adjacent blood vessels Constrict

Unknown Vasoconstrictor

23
Q

Alveolar Partial pressure when Va/Q = Infinity

A

PO2
- 149mmHg

PCO2
- 0mmHg

24
Q

Zone 3 of the Lung

A
  • Continuous Blood flow
25
Q

Left Ventricle Pressure in mmHg

  • Systole
  • Diastole
A
  • 120-125mmHg

- 0-5mmHg

26
Q

Normal ALVEOLAR O2 and CO2 Partial Pressure

A

O2
- 100mmHg

CO2
- 40mmHg

27
Q

T/F: Those Alveoli that are Poorly ventilated will get LESS blood flow while those with adequate ventilation gets more blood.

A

True

28
Q

Zone 1 of the Lungs

A
  • NO blood flow
  • Local Alveolar Capillary Pressure NEVER rises higher than the Alveolar Air pressure
  • NOT observed in Healthy individuals
29
Q

Pulmonary Edema occurs when what?

A
  • Occurs when Pulmonary capillary pressure is GREATER than 25mmHg
30
Q

When Va/Q = 0

A
  • Va = 0
  • BUT there is still Perfusion
  • Blood/Gas Composition remains UNCHANGED in the Capillary
31
Q

Normal Va/Q value

A
  • Ventilation flow rate = 4L/min
  • Pulmonary Blood flow= 5L/min
  • 4/5 = 0.8
32
Q

Zone 2 of the lungs

A
  • Intermittent blood flow

- ONLY during Systole

33
Q

Low Pressure, High flow Lung Circualtion

A
  • Fount in the Pulmonary Artery and Branches as they go to the Alveoli
  • THINNER wall thickness (1/3) compared to the Aorta
  • Larger Compliance
34
Q

When Va/Q = Infinity

A

Q = 0 (not absolute zero)

  • NO gas exchange BUT there is still Ventilation
35
Q

What can convert the Apices from Zone 2 to Zone 3 flow?

A

Exercise

36
Q

Normal CAPILLARY O2 and CO2 Partial Pressure

A

O2
- 40-100mmHg

CO2
- 40-45mmHg

37
Q

Normal Alveolar Perfusion

A

PO2
- 104mmHg

PCO2
- 40mmHg

38
Q

Va/Q Ratio

A

Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio

  • = Alveolar Ventilation/blood flow

Physiology (15 decks)

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