Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Physiology > Body Fluids & Compartments > Flashcards

Body Fluids & Compartments Flashcards

1
Q

How many Liters are in the Plasma?

A

3L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many Liters are in the Interstitial fluid?

A

11L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many Liters are in the Intracellular fluid?

A

28L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Output of Fluid locations

A
  1. Kidneys (urine)
  2. Lungs (expiration)
  3. Feces
  4. Sweat
  5. Skin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

OsmolaRity

A

Concentration of particles per LITER of solution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

OsmolaLity

A

Concentration of particles per KG of solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What cations are found more in the EXTRA-cellular environment?

A

Sodium (Na+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What cations are found more in the INTRA-cellular environment?

A

Potassium (K+)

&

Magnesium (Mg++)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What anions are found more in the EXTRA-cellular environment?

A

Chlorine (Cl-)

&

Bicarbonate (HCO3-)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What anions are found more in the INTRA-cellular environment?

A

Phosphate (PO4)

&

Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Total Daily INTAKE of Fluids

Vs

Total Daily LOSS of Fluids

A

Both are 2300ml/day

What you take in is what you release out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Indicator Dilution principle

A

Applies to the measurement of fluid volumes in body fluid compartments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Indicator Dilution Principle Equation

A

(Vol B)(Conc. B) = (Vol A)(Conc. A)

Vol B = (Vol A * Conc. A)/(Conc. B)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

4 Requirements for an indication for the Indicator Dilution principle

A
  1. Disperses evenly
  2. Not Leaking to other compartments
  3. Not Metabolized or excreted
  4. Not Toxic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The concentration of bodily fluids are typically expressed in _____?

A

Miliosmole

mOsm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

For each mOsm conc. Gradient of an impermeant solute, _____ osmotic pressure is exerted across the cell.

A

19.3mm Hg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

______ percentage of total Osm of the interstitial fluid and Plasma are due to _____ and ______.

A

80%

Sodium and Chloride Ions

18
Q

For IC fluid, ____ of the osmolarity is due to ______?

A

Half

Potassium

19
Q

Tonicity is related to the _____ of the cell.

20
Q

Addition of an Isotonic solution to fluid compartment. What happens to the Osm and the Volume?

A

EC Osm does NOT change

EC Volume INCREASES

21
Q

Addition oHypertonic solution to fluid compartment. What happens to the Osm and the Volume?

A

Osm in BOTH compartments Increases

IC Volume decreases

EC Volume increases

( Water will diffuse out of the cell)

22
Q

Addition of an Hypotonic solution to fluid compartment. What happens to the Osm and the Volume?

A

Osm in BOTH compartments Decreases

Volume in both compartments Increases

(Water will diffuse into the cell)

23
Q

Hyponatremia

Causes and Consequences

A

Low Sodium in the Blood

Caused by kidney failure or heart failure

Results in low urine output

24
Q

Hypermatremia

Causes and Consequences

A

High concentrations of sodium in the blood

Caused by Severe sweating or diarrhea

Consequences are extreme thirst, dehydration and fatigue

25
Acute Hyponaturemia on the brain
Loss of sodium or excess water cause the brain to SWELL Can lead to seizures, coma, permanent brain damage, or death
26
Chronic Hyponaturemia on the Brain
Chronic loss of plasma sodium or excess water allows tissues to TRANSPORT Na+, Cl-, K+ and other solutes to the EC spaces Swelling is much less Aided by the KIDNEYS
27
Anatomical organization of the Kidneys
Capsule —> Renal Cortex —> Renal Medulla —> Renal Pelvis
28
Contents of the Renal Cortex
1. Bowman’s Capsules 2. Proximal Tubules 3. Distal Tubules
29
Contents of the Renal Medulla
Renal Pyramids
30
Contents of the Renal Pelvis
Major and Minor Calyces
31
How many nephrons are in a kidney?
800K - 1 million
32
____ nephrons decrease every year after the age of _____?
10% 40
33
Each large collecting duct receives from _____ nephrons?
4000
34
Juxtamedullary nephrons
Have glomeruli deep in the Renal Cortex near the Medulla and have LONG loops of Henle 20-30% of total nephrons Long peritubular capillaries associated with the VASA Recta
35
Macula Densa
Knot of capillaries
36
Kidneys receive what percentage of Cardiac Output
22% or 1100ml/min
37
What helps to regulate hydrostatic pressure is BOTH sets of capillaries?
EFFERENT arterioles
38
High Hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries cause?
Rapid Fluid filtration
39
Low Hydrostatic pressure in Peritubular capillaries cause?
Rapid fluid REABSORPTION
40
Site of gas exchange in the kidneys
Peritubular Capillaries

Physiology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions