Physiology of Normal Labour Flashcards
What are the three stages of labour
Stage 1
stage 2
stage 3
What is the first stage
Onset of regular uterine contractions.Dilation and effacement of the cervix
there are two phases of labour
The latent phase
The active phase
what is the latent phase of labour
Phase where Effacement of the cervix takes place (thinning out) from normally 2-4cm.cervix also begins to dilate so 0-4cm with irregular contractions
What is active labour
Onset of regular contractions with cervical dilatation to full dilatation of the cervix
What is the second stage of labour
During childbirth, the mother’s pelvic muscles are subjected to pressure, causing her to push down. This results in the baby being expelled from the uterus. Contractions continue to aid in the delivery process. When the baby’s head becomes visible at the opening of the vagina, it is known as “crowning”.
What are the mechanism of birth
engagement, descent,flexion, internal rotation, extension,external rotation, expulsion
What is the onset of labour
this is where the cervix is not enfaced and still intact
What is flexion
this is where baby starts to come out and the bay twist is being pushed by the pelvis
What is internal rotation
this is where the baby’s head is turns so it can get through the canal
What is extension
After the baby head is turned it turns again so the shoulder come out then baby is expelled out
what occurs during the 2nd stage of labour
Ever increasingly strong, explosive contractions
Last longer and come more frequently
Urge to push. Sometimes before pushing contractions have a long
What is the 3rd stage of labour
Uterine contractions compress blood vessels supplying the uterus.
Placental detachment occurs.
Allow the placenta to deliver naturally. Delayed cord clamping (allow extra blood and oxygen to be delivered to the baby until the pulse in the cord stops)
What are the hormones in pregnancy
Human chorionic gonadotropin
Oestrogen
Progesterone
Oxytocin
the hormones in labour
Fetal stress triggers the baby’s release of adrenocorticotropin hormone, which in turn stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol.
The cortisol enters the baby’s bloodstream and reaches the placenta, where it affects it in three ways: by decreasing the production of progesterone and estrogen, and increasing the production of prostaglandin.
What are the hormones of love
oxytocin
Melatonin
Endorphins
