Physiology: CNS Development and Brain Divisions, Lecture 1A

Question 1

Time line of formation of nervous system

Answer 1

from end of 2nd week to end of 8th week

Question 2

Time line of neural tube closure

Answer 2

Superior neuropore (anterior or cranial) closes by day 27
Inferior (posterior or caudal) neuropore closes by day 30

Question 3

Lumina of the Telecephalon Primordia consists of the

Answer 3

later ventricles (1, 2)

Question 4

Floor of the Telencephalon Primordia consists of the

Answer 4

Basal ganglia (nuclei)
olfactory lobes and nerves

Question 5

Roof of the telecephalon primordia

Answer 5

cerebral hemispheres

Question 6

Lumen of the Diencephalon Primordia

Answer 6

Third ventricle

Question 7

Roof of the Diencephalon Primordia

Answer 7

Epithalamus

Question 8

Walls of the Diencephalon Primordia

Answer 8

Thalamus

Question 9

Floor of the Diencephalon Primordia

Answer 9

Hypothalamus and infundibulum

Question 10

Lumina of the Mesencephalon Primordia

Answer 10

Cerebral aqueduct of Sylvius

Question 11

Roof of the Mesencephalon Primordia

Answer 11

Tectum

superior and inferior colliculi

Question 12

Floor of the Mesencephalon Primordia

Answer 12

Tegmentum

Question 13

Lumina of Metencelphalon Primordia

Answer 13

Part of 4th ventricle

Question 14

Roof of the Metencelphalon Primordia

Answer 14

cerebellum

Question 15

Floor of the Metencelphalon Primordia

Answer 15

Pons

Question 16

Myelencephalon Primordia

Answer 16

Lumen, Main part, Roof

Question 17

Lumen of the Myelencephalon Primordia

Answer 17

Rest of the fourth ventricle

Question 18

Main part of the Myelencephalon Primordia

Answer 18

medula oblongata

Question 19

Roof of the Myelencephalon Primordia

Answer 19

Posterior choroid plexus

Question 20

Myelencephalon: Medulla (nuclei)

Answer 20

vestibular nuclear complex
sensory nuclei
Portions of the recticular formation

Question 21

Myelencephalon: Medulla (Pyramids)

Answer 21

consist of later corticospinal tracts

Question 22

Myelencephalon: Medulla (Olives)

Answer 22

Site of nuclei related to cerebellum

Question 23

Myelencephalon: Medulla (Vital Reflex Centers)

Answer 23

Cardiac center
Vasomotor center
Centers related to respiration

also contains various nonvital centers

Question 24

Metencephalon: Pons (nuclei)

Answer 24

Cranial nerves V-VIII 
Pontine Nuclei (relay point between cerebrum and cerebellum)

Question 25

Metencephalon: Pons (Centers)

Answer 25

Sleep center, respiratory center

Question 26

Mesencephalon: Nuclei

Answer 26

Cranial nerve nuclei III-IV

Question 27

Mesencephalon: Tectum

Answer 27

``` Superior colliculi = visual reflex Inferior colliculi (auditory and olfactory reflex) ```

Question 28

Mesencephalon: Tegmentum

Answer 28

Red nucleus Substantia nigra various tracts

Question 29

Cerebellum

Answer 29

Has a cortex | Connects to other parts of the brain via large, pairs of tracts called penduncles

Question 30

Penduncles (3)

Answer 30

large pairs of fiber tracts connecting cerebellum to other parts of the brain Inferior: connects cerebellum to spinal cord Middle: connects cerebellum to pons Superior: connects cerebellum to midbrain

Question 31

Function of cerebellum

Answer 31

Coordinates skeletal muscle movements maintains equilibrium and posture synergic control of muscle activity

Question 32

Diencephalon (all parts)

Answer 32

Thalamus Epithalamus Hypothalamus and third ventricle

Question 33

Thalamus function

Answer 33

major relay center for afferent and efferent information to and from the cerebellum and other areas of the brain

Question 34

Epithalamus function

Answer 34

Habenular nuclei involved in emotional and visceral responses to odors pineal body

Question 35

Hypothalamus (What is is, specific nuclei involved)

Answer 35

Mamillary bodies involved in olfactory reflexes and emotional responses to odors supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

Question 36

Hypothalamus function

Answer 36

controls and integrate ANS associated with many kinds of visceral activity intermediary between nervous and endorcrine systems controls normal body temperature maintains extracellular fluid volume biorhythm oscillator