Physiology 4 - Origins of membrane potential Flashcards
What is the membrane potential? (Em)Units?
Separation of opposite charges across the membranemV (the membrane itself is not charged)
In terms of membrane potentials, what do excitable cells (e.g. nerve and muscle) have the ability to do?
Produce rapid, transient changes in their membrane potential when excited e.g. action potentials
What is the is the resting membrane potential?
Constant in non-excitable cells and in excitable cells at rest
What is the membrane potential due to?
Difference in the concentration and permeability of key ions
Extracellular and intracellular concentration of Na+?Concentration gradient
E = 150I = 15Inward
Extracellular and intracellular concentration of K+?Concentration outward?
E = 5I = 150Outward
Relative permeability of sodium and potassium?
Na+ = 1K+ = 100
Is the plasma membrane permeable to the large relatively negatively charged (anionic) intracellular proteins?
No - it is impermeable to these
Is the inside or outside of the cell more negatively charged?
Inside
Is the electrical gradient for K+ inwards or outwards?Is the concentration gradient for K+ inwards or outwards?
InwardsOutwards
What is the equilibrium point?
The point where there is no net movement of charge (when the concentration gradient and electrical gradient balance each other out)
What is the equilibrium point for K+?
-90 mV
What does the negative sign before the equilibrium potential for K+ mean?
The polarity of the excess charge is on the inside of the membrane
What can be calculated using the Nernst equation?
The equilibrium potential for any given ion
What is the Nerst equation for a monovalent ion at 37 degrees?
Eion = 61log10([ion]o/[ion]i)