Physiological (Brain regions/functions-cerebral cortex) Flashcards
Wernicke’s aphasia and Broca’s aphasia share which of the following symptoms?
A. impaired repetition
B. anomia
C. impaired repetition and anomia
D. neither impaired repetition nor anomia
C. impaired repetition and anomia
Patients with lesions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are most likely to exhibit: A. acquired sociopathy. B. perseverative responses. C. decreased initiative and motivation. D. behavioral disinhibition.
B. perseverative responses.
A patient with severe hemiplegia caused by a lesion in the right side of her brain denies she has any problems moving her left arm and leg. This woman’s lack of awareness of her physical impairment is referred to as:
anosognosia.
A picture of a knife is projected onto a screen so that it’s briefly presented only to the right visual field of a split-brain patient, and a picture of a fork is then briefly presented only to the patient’s left visual field. When asked to verbally identify what he has seen, the patient:
A. will be able to say “knife” and, although he can’t say “fork,” will be able to pick out a fork with his left hand.
B. will be able to say “fork” and, although he can’t say “knife,” will be able to pick out a knife with his right hand.
C. will be able to say “knife” but won’t be able to say “fork” or pick out a fork with his right or left hand.
D. will be able to say “fork” but won’t be able to say “knife” or pick out a knife with his right or left hand.
A. will be able to say “knife” and, although he can’t say “fork,” will be able to pick out a fork with his left hand.
Damage to Broca’s area produces:
nonfluent speech with intact comprehension
Following a stroke, a man shaves only the right side of his face, eats food only on the right side of his plate, and frequently bumps into door frames with the left side of his body. Which of the following areas of the brain was affected by the stroke? A. frontal lobe B. temporal lobe C. occipital lobe D. parietal lobe
D. parietal lobe
Damage to the arcuate fasciculus can produce conduction aphasia which is characterized by which of the following?
A. fluent spontaneous speech, normal comprehension, and impaired repetition.
B. fluent spontaneous speech, impaired comprehension, and normal repetition.
C. nonfluent spontaneous speech, normal comprehension, and normal repetition.
D. nonfluent spontaneous speech, impaired comprehension, and impaired repetition.
A. fluent spontaneous speech, normal comprehension, and impaired repetition.
Ideomotor apraxia is usually caused by damage to:
the left (dominant) parietal lobe.
The word COPYCAT is presented to a split-brain patient so that COPY is projected to the patient’s left visual field and CAT is projected to his right visual field. When the patient is asked what he saw, the patient will say ________. And when the patient is asked to use his left hand to point to what he saw on a computer screen that contains the words COPY and CAT, the patient will point to ________.
CAT; COPY
Damage to certain areas of the __________ lobe causes perseveration, which involves repetition of the same response or action when it’s inappropriate to do so in a variety of situations and on a variety of tasks.
frontal
Bilateral damage to the medial temporal lobe produces deficits in:
A. the comprehension and production of language.
B. the comprehension but not the production of language.
C. declarative memory.
D. procedural memory.
C. declarative memory.
Damage to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ area of the prefrontal cortex produces a disinhibition syndrome that’s characterized by irritability, aggressiveness, impulsivity, and hypersexuality. A. orbitofrontal B. dorsolateral C. mediofrontal D. ventrolateral
A. orbitofrontal
The left hemisphere is the dominant hemisphere for language for about _____% of right-handed people and _____% of left-handed people.
95%; 70%
Following a closed head injury, a young man is unable to recognize familiar objects by touch. This condition is caused by lesions in the ________ lobe.
Parietal
