Lifespan (Socioemotional Development – Attachment, Emotions, and Social Relationships)

Question 1

In Ainsworth’s (Ainsworth et al., 1978) “strange situation,” an infant with an ____________ attachment pattern is indifferent to his/her mother and may act as though she’s not present, shows little or no distress when she leaves, and ignores her when she returns. Mothers of children with this attachment pattern are often ____________.

Answer 1

avoidant; rejecting/unresponsive or intrusive/overstimulating

Question 2

Based on her observations of children 2-1/2 to 4 years of age, Mildred Parten (1932) derived six types of social participation that differ in terms of level of social complexity. Of these six types, she identified _______ as the most socially complex?

Answer 2

cooperative play

Question 3

Studies investigating ____________ often place infants in uncertain situations that include a stranger, a novel toy or other object, or the visual cliff.

Answer 3

social referencing

Question 4

An interviewee would be classified as ________ using the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) when she describes early relationships with her parents in very positive terms but is unable to give examples that support her evaluation

Answer 4

dismissing

Question 5

Which of the following is ordinarily one of the first self-conscious emotions to emerge?
A. embarrassment
B. shame
C. disgust
D. guilt

Answer 5

A. embarrassment

Question 6

Crick and Dodge’s (1994) social information-processing model attributes high levels of aggression in children to which of the following?
A. observational learning
B. peer pressure
C. a self-control failure
D. a hostile attribution bias

Answer 6

D. a hostile attribution bias

Question 7

Mildred Parten (1932) categorized children’s play as being:
A. physical or social.
B. nonsocial or social.
C. physical, emotional, or cognitive.
D. constructive, expressive, or dramatic.

Answer 7

B. nonsocial or social.

Question 8

According to Bowlby (1980), an infant’s early relationships with caregivers lead to the development of

Answer 8

internal working models.

Question 9

Research investigating the effects of marital status on health behaviors has generally found that being married:

Answer 9

has beneficial effects on the health behaviors of men and women, but the benefits are more pronounced for men.