Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Grade 12 > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

1
Q
  • sparking amber in ancient Greece
A

Thales of Miletus (600 BCE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

amber rubbed with animal ____ attracts bits of
dust and hairs that create _____ ______,
and if he rubbed the amber for long enough,
he could even get an electric spark to jump.

A

fur ; static electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
  • first made in China during Qin Dynasty
  • made from magnetic oxide which is used to
    indicate the true north.
A

Chinese lodestone compass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

he invented the Chinese lodestone compass that was initially used for feng shui before being utilized for navigation.

A

Shen Kuo (221-206 BCE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • father of electricity and magnetism
  • discovered that a heated body lost its
    electricity and that moisture prevented the
    electrification of all bodies.
A

William Gilbert (1600)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

William Gilbert published “De Magnete or __________”
which is about Earth being magnetic.

A

On the Magnet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

William Gilbert developed a _______ , an instrument
consisting of a metal needle and a round
lodestone called terrella.

  • he also noticed that electrified substances
    attracted all other substances
    indiscriminately, whereas a magnet only
    attracted iron.
A

versorium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • invented the electroscope, a device for an
    object’s amount of static charge.
A

William Gilbert (1600)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • his experiments distinguish between two
    types of electric charge.
A

Charles François de Cisternay du Fay (1700)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • experiments with lightning and electricity
    lead to the concept of positive and negative
    charges.
A

Benjamin Franklin (1747)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Franklin’s kite experiments - a key attached to the kite string sparked and charged a Leyden jar, thus establishing the link between _____ and ______.

A

lightning ; electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

he invented the lightning rod.

A

William Franklin (1752)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

William Franklin (1752) discovered there are two kinds of charges,
_____ and ______: objects with like
charges repel one another, and those with
unlike charges attract one another
- documented the _______ of charge, the
theory that an isolated system has a
constant total charge.

A

positive ; negative

conservation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (1785) invented the Coulomb balance or _____ balance which investigated forces between charged objects.

A

Torsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

developed Coulomb’s law, the definition of the electrostatic force of attraction and repulsion.
- force exerted between two small electrified bodies is directly proportional to the product of the magnitude of charges and varies
inversely to the square of the distance between those charges

A

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (1785)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (1785)
- discovered law of _____ squares
- produced important work on the study of friction

A

inverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  • discovered galvanic electricity and bioelectricity after observing that FROGS would jump when he touched their exposed leg muscles with a scalpel that had been near a piece of static electrical equipment, which he referred to as “animal electricity”.
A

Luigi Galvani (1789)

18
Q
  • DISagreed with Galavani
  • discovered that chemicals acting on two
    dissimilar metals generate electricity without the benefit of a frog.
A

Alessandro Volta (1790/1800)

19
Q
  • invented the first electric battery, the voltaic pile
  • first device to provide a steady supply of electricity
  • proved for the first time that electricity could be generated chemically
A

Alessandro Volta (1790/1800)

20
Q
  • discovered Oersted’s Law, defined as electric current affecting a compass needle and creating magnetic fields.
  • he was trying to show them that electricity and magnetism are not related but ended up being the first scientist to discover the link between magnetism and electricity
A

Hans Christian Oersted (1820)

21
Q

André-Marie Ampère (1820-1826/1821) invented the ____ Needle which is used to detect and measure the magnitude of electrical currents.

  • found that wires carrying current produce forces on each other
  • the attraction or repellence of parallel wires depends on whether the current flows in the same direction (attract) or the opposite way
    (repel).
A

Astatic

22
Q
  • considered the founder of electromagnetism and laid out the foundations of electrodynamics.
  • the unit of electrical unit, amp, was named after him.
A

André-Marie Ampère (1820-1826/1821)

23
Q
  • discovered the relationship between voltage, resistance, and current.
  • the current that flows through most conductors is directly proportional to the voltage applied to it.
A

Georg Simon Ohm (1827)

24
Q

Georg Simon Ohm (1827) developed the Ohm’s Law which states the relationship between _____ current and _____ difference.

A

electric ; potential

25
Q
  • wrote An Essay on the Application of Mathematical Analysis to the Theories of Electricity and Magnetism
  • first person to create a mathematical theory of electricity and magnetism and his theory formed the foundation for the work of other
    scientists such as James Clerk Maxwell, William Thomson, and others.
A

George Green (1828)

26
Q
  • invented the dynamo or better known as the electric generator
  • also made the discoveries of the principles of electrolysis, diamagnetism, and electromagnetic induction.
A

Michael Faraday (1831)

27
Q

Michael Faraday (1831) demonstrated for the first time the conversion of _____ energy into ______ energy through electromagnetic
induction.

A

mechanical ; electrical

28
Q
  • while building electromagnets, he discovered the electromagnetic
    phenomenon of self-inductance.
  • he also discovered mutual inductance, independently of Michael Faraday, but Faraday was the first to publish his results.
A

Joseph Henry (1831)

29
Q

Karl Friedrich Gauss (1833) the unit of magnetic field strength, gauss,
was named after him. He measured the strength of Earth’s magnetic fields and built the first electromechanical ______.

A

telegraph

30
Q
  • father of electromagnetism
  • developed the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, which was the first theory to describe electricity, magnetism and light as different
    manifestations of the same phenomenon. (1864)
  • recognized that electromagnetism’s processes could be established using mathematics.
A

James Clerk Maxwell (1873)

31
Q

James Clerk Maxwell (1873) predicts the connections of magnetism and
electricity leading directly to the prediction of ________ _____.

A

electromagnetic waves

32
Q
  • published “Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism” in 1873 in which he
    summarizes and synthesizes the discoveries of Coulomb, Oersted, Ampere, Faraday into four mathematical equations.
A

James Clerk Maxwell (1873)

33
Q
  • published his work in a book, “Electric Waves: Being Researches on the Propagation of Electric Action With Finite Velocity Through Space.”
A

Heinrich Hertz (1885/1887)

34
Q
  • discovered radio waves, which was widely seen as confirmation of James Clerk Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory and paved the way for numerous advances in communication technology.
  • the discovery of electromagnetic waves led to the development to the radio.
  • the unit of frequency of the waves measured in cycles per second was named the “hertz” in his honor.
A

Heinrich Hertz (1885/1887)

35
Q
  • applications of electromagnetism in technology
  • pioneering work lead to development of AC electrical systems, Tesla coil, and wireless transmission of electrical power.

AC electrical systems: based on electromag induction
Tesla coil: generates highvoltage, high-frequency alternating currentelectricity
Wireless electricity: Tesla proposed using electromagnetic waves to
transmit electrical energy wirelessly over long distances.

A

Nikola Tesla (1892-1894)

36
Q

Guglielmo Marconi (1895) put the discovery of electromagnetic waves into practical use by sending messages over long distance using radio signals, also
known as the “______”.

A

wireless

37
Q
  • gained recognition for his groundbreaking efforts in long-range radio transmission and for formulating Marconi’s law, in addition to
    designing a radio telegraph system.
  • often credited as the inventor of the radio, and he shared the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Karl Ferdinand Braun “in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy.
A

Guglielmo Marconi (1895)

38
Q

Albert Einstein (1905) claimed that _____, which are tiny, particle-like units of light, can exist.

A

photons

39
Q
  • developed the theory of the photoelectric effect, which states that matter emits electrons when it absorbs energy from very short-wavelength electromagnetic radiation, including ultraviolet or visible light.
  • his special theory of relativity establishes a relationship between
    electricity, magnetism, and the speed of light.
  • Quantum Electrodynamics (QED): Developed in the 20th century, QED
    describes how light and matter interact
    through electromagnetism.
A

Albert Einstein (1905)

40
Q
  • proposed Electroweak theory, unifying
    electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces.
A

Sheldon Glashow, Abdus Salam, and Steven
Weinberg (1960)

41
Q
  • Tesla’s work on wireless transmission of
    electrical power laid the ground works for
    this.
  • Transformed how we communicate adn
    interact with electronic devices
  • Transmit information wirelessly through air
    without physical cables.
  • Widespread adoption of Wi-Fi, introduction
    of bluetooth technology
A

Wireless Electricity (2005)

42
Q

Efforts towards ____ _____ _______ aiming
to unify electromagnetism with the strong nuclear
force

String theory and other theoretical frameworks
attempt to incorporate all fundamental forces,
including electromagnetism, into a single unified
theory.

A

Grand Unified Theory (GUT)

Grade 12 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions