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Science > Physics 10 > Flashcards

Physics 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

Uniform motion

A

when an object travels at the same speed in a straight line (hard to maintain)

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2
Q

Average speed formula

A

average speed= distance travelled/time elapsed OR V= d/t

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3
Q

distance formula (speed)

A

d= v x t

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4
Q

Time formula (speed)

A

t= d/v

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5
Q

Distance time graph/ position time graph horizontal line

A

a flat line indicates zero speed, the object is stationary

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6
Q

Steep line on a distance/position time graph

A

a steep line indicates a fast speed

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7
Q

Shallow line on a distance/ position time graph

A

a shallow line indicates a slow speed

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8
Q

Slope calculation for distance/ position time graph

A

slope= rise/run
=change in distance/ change in time
=df-di/tf-ti
=speed

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9
Q

Slope calculation for speed time graph

A

slope= rise/run
= change in speed/change in time
=Vf-Vi / tf-ti
=acceleration

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10
Q

Speed time graph line meaning : Horizontal line

A

zero slope- constant speed (no acceleration)

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11
Q

Speed time graph line meaning: upwards line

A

positive slope- speeding up

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12
Q

Speed time graph line meaning: downwards line

A

negative slope- slowing down

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13
Q

Calculation for area under the line on a speed time graph

A

Area = length x width
= (v) x (t)
= distance

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14
Q

Scalar

A

magnitude only, how much or how far

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15
Q

Scalar examples

A

Time, mass, measure

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16
Q

Vector

A

Magnitude and direction, indicated by arrow above symbol

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17
Q

Vector examples

A

displacement, velocity, acceleration, force

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18
Q

Distance

A

Scalar quantity, measurement of how far an object has travelled
distance = xm + xm
= xm

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19
Q

Displacement

A

Vector quantity, measurement of the change in distance and direction (must use direction in the calculation)
displacement = xm (east) + xm (west)
= xm

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20
Q

North and up is a _____ direction

A

positive

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21
Q

East and right is a _____ direction

A

positive

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22
Q

South and down is a _____ direction

A

negative

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23
Q

West and left is a ______ direction

A

negative

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24
Q

Velocity

A

Change is displacement over time, vector quantity
V= d/t (With arrows over “V” and “d”)

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25
Q

Formula for finding displacement (velocity)

A

d= V x t

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26
Q

Formula for finding time (velocity)

A

t= d/v

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27
Q

Acceleration is the change in _____ over time

A

velocity

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28
Q

Positive acceleration

A
  1. Positive magnitude and positive direction (speeding up going north, east, up, or right)
  2. Negative magnitude and negative motion (slowing down going south, west, down, or left)
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29
Q

Negative acceleration

A
  1. Negative magnitude and positive direction (slowing down going north, east, up or right)
  2. Positive magnitude and negative direction (speeding up going south, west, down or left)
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30
Q

Acceleration formula

A

a= v/t
a= vf-vi/t
acceleration= change in velocity

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31
Q

Find “t” for acceleration

A

t= vf-vi/a

32
Q

Find “vf” for acceleration

A

Vf= (t x a) + Vi

33
Q

Find “vi” for acceleration

A

vi= vf - (t x a)

34
Q

Position time graph line of best fit will be a _____ curve

A

smooth

35
Q

Speeding up on a position time graph is in the _____ direction

A

positive

36
Q

Slowing down on a position time graph is in the _____ direction

A

negative

37
Q

On a velocity- time graph positive slope=

A

positive acceleration

38
Q

On a velocity - time graph, negative slope=

A

negative acceleration

39
Q

On a velocity - time graph, area under the line determines

A

the displacement of the object

40
Q

Area of a triangle formula

A

A = b x h/2

41
Q

Area of a square/ rectangle

A

A= l x w

42
Q

Inertia

A

The tendency to resist changes in motion

43
Q

Force (and formula)

A

A push or pull on an object
Formula = F= ma

44
Q

Work (and formula)

A

When a force moves an object through a distance
Formula = W= Fd
W= joules or newton metres
F= newtons
d= metres

45
Q

What 3 conditions must be met for work to be done?

A

Movement, force, force and distance the objects travel in the same direction

46
Q

Energy

A

The ability to do work, measured in joules, work done to an object is equal to the energy gained by the object
Formula= E= w

47
Q

Evidence for presence of energy

A
  • change in motion
  • change in shape
    -change in temperature
48
Q

Light

A

from the sun and other light sources

49
Q

Sound

A

sound released from vibrating object

50
Q

Electrical

A

the work done by moving charges (ex. generator)

51
Q

Thermal

A

Heat energy

52
Q

Potential energy

A

stored energy ready to be released

53
Q

Gravitational

A

lifting something up

54
Q

Chemical

A

potential energy stored in the chemical bonds of compounds

55
Q

Elastic

A

rubber band or string

56
Q

Nuclear

A

potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

57
Q

Kinetic

A

energy of moving object

58
Q

Mechanical

A

the sum of the energy of the motion and position

59
Q

Solar energy

A

sun energy

60
Q

Types of potential energy

A
  • gravitational
  • chemical
  • elastic
  • mechanical
61
Q

Gravitational potential energy formula

A

Ep(grav) = mgh

62
Q

Find “m” in gravitational potential energy formula

A

m= Ep/gh

63
Q

Find “h” in gravitational potential energy formula

A

h= Ep/mg

64
Q

Ep elastic energy formula

A

Ep= W
OR
Ep = Fd

65
Q

Kinetic energy formula

A

Ek= 1/2 mv(squared)
OR
k mv(squared) / 2

66
Q

Find “m” in Ek formula

A

m= 2Ek / v (squared)

67
Q

Find “v” in Ek formula

A

v= square root 2Ek / m

68
Q

Mechanical Energy

A

the energy due to motion and position of an object

69
Q

Em formula

A

Em= Ep + Ek

70
Q

Find Ep in Em formula

A

Ep= Em- Ek

71
Q

Find Ek in Em formula

A

Ek= Em - Ep

72
Q

Law of conservation of energy

A
  • The total amount of energy remain constant as energy is converted from one form to another
  • Total mechanical energy always remain constant
  • Energy is always conserved
73
Q

1st law of thermodynamics

A
  • Energy is never created or destroyed
  • The total energy, including heat in a system and its surroundings remains constant
74
Q

2nd law of thermodynamics

A
  • During some energy conversions, some useful energy is lost as thermal energy in most cases
  • Heat flows from matter at a higher energy level to matter at a lower energy level
75
Q

Efficiency formula

A

Eff= useful energy output / total energy input x 100

Science (10 decks)

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