Immune System

Question 1

Erythrocytes

Answer 1

Biconcave red blood cells that transport oxygen and do not contain a nucleus, made in bone marrow

Question 2

Leukocytes

Answer 2

White blood cells that have a nucleus, destroy invading microbes, phagocytosis, made in bone marrow

Question 3

Thrombocytes

Answer 3

Broken up cell, made in bone marrow, blood clotting

Question 4

Hematocrit

Answer 4

Measures % of RBC in blood (blood sample centrifuged and components settle out base on density)

Question 5

What is on the top of hematocrit?

Answer 5

Plasma: - 55% of total blood volume
- 91% water
- 7% blood proteins (fibrinogen, albumin, globullin)
- 2% nutrients (amino acids, sugars, lipids)
hormones (insulin, etc)
electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, etc)

Question 6

What is in the middle layer of a hematocrit?

Answer 6

Buffy coat: white blood cells

Question 7

What is on the bottom layer of a hematocrit?

Answer 7

Red blood cells (RBCs)

Question 8

Antigens

Answer 8

Proteins embedded in RBC plasma membrane

Question 9

Antibodies

Answer 9

Chemicals produced by WBC in response to foreign antigens

Question 10

Agglutination

Answer 10

CLumping of RBC

Question 11

What is the universal blood donor?

Answer 11

O -

Question 12

What is the universal blood recipient?

Answer 12

AB +

Question 13

RH Factor

Answer 13

Antigen found on the RBC, around 85% of the population and RH +, everyone else is RH -. Antibodies are produced only if exposed to a specific antigen, RBC cannot pass through placenta

Question 14

Thrombosis

Answer 14

Blood clot in a specific place

Question 15

Embolism

Answer 15

A moving clot that moves in the blood until it obstructs a small vessel and blocks circulation

Question 16

Blood clots are inhibited by…

Answer 16

• smooth lining of vessles
• fibrin absorbing thrombin
• heparin (from WBC0 interferes with thromboplastin (cannot activate fibrin)