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Physics 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are scalar quanties?

A
  • Magnitude (number) only
  • time, distance, speed, energy, mass
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2
Q

What are vector quantites?

A
  • Magnitude (number) and a direction
  • displacement, velocity, acceleration, force
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3
Q

What is the symbol for distance?

A

d

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4
Q

What is the symbol for displacement?

A

s

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5
Q

What is the symbol for velocity (speed)?

A

v

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6
Q

How do you convert m/s to km/h?

A

multiply by 3.6

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7
Q

How do you convert km/h to m/s?

A

divide by 3.6

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8
Q

What is uniform velocity/speed?

A

The magnitude and direction of the velocity/speed stays constant

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9
Q

What is instantaneous speed?

A

The speed at a particular moment in time

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10
Q

What is average velocity/speed?

A

The total displacement over the total time

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11
Q

If speed is uniform, what is the instantaneous speed?

A

The same as the average speed

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12
Q

How do you calculate acceleration?

A

(final velocity - initial velocity) divided by total time

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13
Q

What is acceleration?

A

The rate of change of velocity

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14
Q

What is the symbol for inital velocity?

A

u

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15
Q

What is the symbol for final velocity?

A

v

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16
Q

How do you solve a SUVAT question?

A
  1. work out which variables you have/don’t have/need
  2. work out which equation to use
  3. substitute letters for numbers
  4. solve
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17
Q

Is the initial direction always positive or negative?

A

positive

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18
Q

What is the acceleration of Earth gravity?

A

9.8m/s²

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19
Q

What is magnitude?

A

A number NOT a direction

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20
Q

What is a force?

A

An interaction that can:
* change the velocity of an object
* cause a distortion in the size or shape of an object
* cause a rotation about an axis

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21
Q

What are examples of field forces?

A
  • gravitational
  • magnetic
  • electrostatic
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22
Q

What are examples of contact forces?

A
  • applied force
  • tension
  • friction
  • normal force
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23
Q

What is tension?

A

The force experienced in a taut string/rope (stretch)

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24
Q

What is friction?

A

Force that opposes motion of an object, parallel to motion/direction

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25
Q

What is normal force?

A

Perpendicular force exerted by the surface of an object in contact with it

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26
Q

What is the SI unit for force?

A

N (newtons)

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27
Q

What is resultant/net force?

A

Single vector that has the same effect as the individual forces acting together

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28
Q

When does an equilibrium happen?

A

When the resultant force is zero

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29
Q

What is the SI unit for mass?

A

kg

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30
Q

What is the SI unit for weight?

A

N (netwons)

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31
Q

What is the formula for force?

A

F = ma

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32
Q

What are Newton’s three laws of motion?

A
  1. An object in motion/rest stays in motion/rest, unless acted on by an outside, net force (inertia)
  2. F = ma
  3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
33
Q

Describe Newton’s second law of motion

A
  • For a constant mass: the larger the force, the larger the acceleration
  • For a constant acceleration: The larger the mass, the larger the force needed
34
Q

Describe Newton’s first law of motion

A
  • An object in motion/rest stays in motion/rest, unless acted on by an outside, net force
  • The outside force = net force
  • also called inertia
35
Q

Where there is a force, there is…

A

acceleration

36
Q

Where there is no acceleration, there is no…

A

resultant force

37
Q

What is drag?

A
  • A force that opposes the motion of objects through a gas or liquid
  • increases rapidly with speed and gets larger when the surface area of the object is increased
38
Q

Describe Newton’s third law of motion

A
  • Proves normal force
  • When on flat ground, the normal force is in equilibrium with the weight
  • When on an incline going down, the normal force is no longer in equilibrium with the weight
39
Q

How would you calculate the force of A on B?

A

Force = mass of B * acceleration

40
Q

What is the formula for the net force when there is friction?

A

Net force = Applied force - Frictional force

41
Q

Describe tension in a rope

A

The tension is always equal at both ends of the rope

42
Q

What is the difference between static and kinetic friction?

A
  • static friction is the force of friction on an object that is not moving
  • kinetic friction is the force of friction on an object that is moving
  • kinetic friction is nearly constant with speed
  • Kinetic friction is usually significantly smaller than static friction
43
Q

What is inertial mass?

A

Measures an object’s resistance to being accelerated by a force (motion) - not due to gravity

44
Q

What is gravitational mass?

A

The mass of a body determined by its response to the force of gravity

45
Q

How do you calculate applied force when on a slope?

A

Applied force = mg * sin(angle of slope)

46
Q

How much time is in between ticker tape dots?

47
Q

How do you work out if ticker tape is accelerating?

A

The more spaced out the dots are, the faster the object is moving

48
Q

When an object is stationary, the applied force and static friction are…

A

oppposites (equal to zero)

49
Q

How do you calculate instantaneous velocity?

A

(future velocity - past velocity) divided by (future time - past time)

50
Q

What is work?

A

When a force causes a particle or object to move

51
Q

What is the SI unit for work/energy?

A

J (Joules)

52
Q

What is the equation for work?

A

W = Force x displacement

53
Q

How do you calculate work when the force is applied at an angle?

A

W = F * cos(angle of force) * displacement

54
Q

What is the final velocity for an object dropped from a height?

A

v = √2gh

55
Q

What is the work-energy theorem?

A

Net work = total KE

56
Q

How do you calculate acceleration from a velocity - time graph?

A

rise / run

57
Q

How do you calculate displacement from a velocity - time graph?

A

total area underneath the line

58
Q

How do you calculate velocity from a displacement - time graph?

A

rise / run

59
Q

How do you calculate acceleration from a displacement - time graph?

A

(current velocity - inital velocity) divided by time bewteen the two points

60
Q

What is the velocity of this graph?

A

0 - standing still

61
Q

What is the velocity of this graph?

A

Constant velocity

62
Q

What is the acceleration of this graph?

A

Constant acceleration

63
Q

What is the acceleration of this graph?

A

Constant deceleration

64
Q

What is the formula for net force for an object including tension?

A

F = T + mg

65
Q

What is the formula for initial mechanical energy?

A

initial ME = initial GPE + initial KE

66
Q

What is the formula for final mechanical energy?

A

final ME = final GPE + final KE

67
Q

What is the formula for final and initial mechanical energy?

A

initial ME = final ME

68
Q

What is the formula for final and initial mechanical energy?

A

initial ME = final ME

69
Q

What is the formula for weight?

70
Q

In an elevator, when there is no acceleration, the tension and weight are…

A

opposites (equilibrium)

71
Q

Where there is constant velocity, there is no…

A

acceleration

72
Q

What is velocity?

A

The rate of change of displacement

73
Q

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

A
  • speed is a magnitude, velocity is a magnitude and direction
  • speed is distance/time
  • velocity is displacement/time
74
Q

Assuming no energy is lost, the formula for Kinetic Energy and Potential energy is…

75
Q

What are types of potential energy?

A
  • gravitational
  • magnetic
  • elastic
76
Q

What is the formula for net force in a pulley system?

A

Net Force = (m₁+m₂)a

77
Q

What is the formula for theoretical force in a pulley system?

A

Theoretical force = m₂g

78
Q

What is the formula for theoretical and net force in a pulley system?

A

(m₁+m₂)a = m₂g

79
Q

How do you find the percentage difference between the theoretical and net force in a pulley system?

A

[(Theoretical force - Net force) divided by theoretical force] times 100

Science (13 decks)

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