Physical Science 9 10 11

Question 1

Can ethers hydrogen bond?

Answer 1

ethers are also polar but cannot participate in hydrogen bonding. The requirement for hydrogen bonding, a particularly strong type of intermolecular interaction, is having a hydrogen directly bonded to oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine.

Question 2

Can ethers hydrogen bond?

Answer 2

ethers are also polar but cannot participate in hydrogen bonding. The requirement for hydrogen bonding, a particularly strong type of intermolecular interaction, is having a hydrogen directly bonded to oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine.

Question 3

What is Entropy?

Answer 3

Entropy is a measure of disorder in a system. Remember that gases always have higher entropies than liquids, and liquids have higher entropies than solids. In terms of reactions, the entropy of a reaction is considered to increase, or be positive, when the total number of moles of gas on the product side exceeds the total number of moles of gas on the reactant side.

Question 4

What effects the speed of sound?

Answer 4

Speed of sound is greatest in a solid due to strong molecular bonds and closeness of molecules and in warmer temperatures.

Question 5

Wavelength of Red and Violet?

Answer 5

750nm and 380nm

Question 6

Entropy between N(s) and N(g)

Answer 6

Entropy, S, measures the randomness or disorder of a system. In solids, the particles are highly organized into tight bonding patterns—as a result, they experience very little movement. Take solid nitrogen, for example; it is organized into an ordered bonding pattern. Because of this orderly arrangement, which cannot easily be disturbed, solid nitrogen has a very small degree of randomness, and therefore a small amount of entropy. Gaseous nitrogen, on the other hand, has a large amount of entropy because of the free and random movements of the nitrogen gas particles. As a general rule, gases have more entropy than liquids, and liquids have more entropy than solids. In going from gaseous nitrogen to solid nitrogen, we would predict that entropy decreases—we are decreasing the level of disorder.

Question 7

How to determine the order of a reaction.

Answer 7

A quick method to determine the order of a reaction is to add the exponents. When the sum of the exponents is zero, the reaction is zero order. When the sum of the exponents is one, the reaction is first order. In a second order reaction, the sum of the exponents, (m + n), is equal to two.

Question 8

Spontaneous reactions

Answer 8

For any reaction to be spontaneous, G , or the standard free energy, must be negative and the products must be greater than one.

Question 9

formula for density

Answer 9

D=M/V

Question 10

Ideal gas law

Answer 10

In order to make life simpler, chemists often use the “ideal gas” law (PV = nRT) that approximates the behavior of a gas. This approximation assumes that individual molecular volume and intermolecular forces are negligible, and that any collisions between molecules are elastic.

Question 11

dentify the half-reactions that occur at each electrode.

Answer 11

Also, keeping in mind that reduction occurs at the cathode and oxidation at the anode, we can predict where these reactions will occur.