Bio 1 Flashcards
Kinetic Control
The product that will form the fastest regardless of stability. It will have low activation energy.
Thermodynamic Control
The product is stable but isn’t the fastest reaction and requires higher activation energy.
Carbonyl Carbon
is bound to three atoms: with a double bond to oxygen and two single bonds to other elements sp^2
Arterial walls have what kind of muscle
Smooth Muscle
What happens in the nucleus
DNA synthesis & transcription
Mitochondria
ATP production
Golgi apparatus
is the distribution center of the cell , packages materials to be excreted and sent to through the cell membrane.
how are Antibodies made?
They are synthesized by the ribosomes which are attached to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is great about the equatorial position
it has more room avoiding steric hindrance.
A single substituent such as Cl would be in what position on 6 carbon ring
Axial
PURe As Gold
Purines are Adenine and Guanine (A, G)
CUT the PYe
Cytosine, Uracil and Thymine are pyrimidines
A chiral carbon or a stereogenic center
is a carbon bound to four different groups or atoms.
Saponification
hydrolysis reaction, it hydrolyzes the ester linkages and tricylglycerol.
Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have…
cell walls, ribosomes, and can produce sexually an asexually
What do prokaryotes do not have?
mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparati, lysosomes or membrane-bound nucleus.
The ectoderm derives what?
epidermis and nervous system
The mesoderm derives what?
is responsible for differentiating into heart and blood vessels
The endoderm derives
linings of the gut and respiratory system.
Formula for determining different combinations from haploid cells
2^n where n is the amount of pairs of chromosomes.
When do centromeres split?
Tehy split during mitosis and in meiosis II. -not meiosis I.
Loop of Henle
Na+ reassertion is of the most importance in the loop of Henle where Na+ is reabsorbed from the filtrate moving through the nephron. This is where the kidneys concentrate urine.
Why do erythrocytes volume increase in distilled water?
erythrocytes contain ions and proteins the osmotic pressure from the ions and proteins cause water to enter into the cell.
What is myoglobin?
Holds oxygen in muscle or organ cells. Not bones.
Does Mitochondria have a membrane?
Yes mitochondria is a membrane-bound organelle
What is albumin
Albumin is a osmoregulatory plasma protein, a higher amount of albumin will upset osmotic balance creating hypertonic condition of the blood pulling fluid out of the cells into the blood stream.
What does the steroid aldosterone do?
It causes Na+ reabsorption by the kidney tubules.
If we are talking about the small intestine we re talking about?
absorption into the blood stream.
Luteinizing Hormone
triggers ovulation
