physical observations

Question 1

what is the most unappreciated organ of our body?

Answer 1

• the skin

- its visibility makes it easy to identify abnormalities that may indicate disorders in other systems

Question 2

how does the appearance of the skin change in the presence of illness?

Answer 2

• skin colour
• tone
• overall condition (elasticity, dryness and sensitivity)

Question 3

what else can be an indicator of a person’s overall health?

Answer 3

• shape of nails

- condition of hair

Question 4

apart from dermatitis, what do most skin problems stem from?

Answer 4

poor function of the digestive tract

Question 5

what may some skin problems relate to?

Answer 5

hormonal imbalances encountered predominantly during adolescence or to allergy and toxicity

Question 6

what nutrients are particularly important for healthy skin?

Answer 6

A, C, E
B complex
zinc
EFAs

Question 7

a poor diet is quickly reflected by what?

Answer 7

by the condition of the skin

Question 8

teenagers who take prescription drugs for acne treatment are more likely to develop what?

Answer 8

candida

Question 9

what may acne problems in the chin, chest and back indicate?

Answer 9

toxicity in the colon

Question 10

what may acne on the forehead/nose (T-zone) indicate?

Answer 10

liver sluggishness or toxicity

Question 11

what may acne on the cheeks indicate?

Answer 11

allergies

Question 12

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of dryness or seborrhoea on the scalp?

Answer 12

• EFA

- A

Question 13

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of dandruff or hair loss on the scalp?

Answer 13

• B6
• zinc
• sulfur
• protein deficiency

Question 14

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of nasolabial seborrhoea on the face? (characterized by rough, scaly skin on the forehead and nose area)

Answer 14

• B2

- iron

Question 15

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of acne on the face?

Answer 15

• zinc
• A
• HCI

Question 16

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of edema or moon face on the face?

Answer 16

• protein malabsorption
• hypothyroidism
• allergies

Question 17

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of dry, red, light sensitive eyes?

Answer 17

• A
• B2
• B6

Question 18

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of puffy, dark circles on the eyes?

Answer 18

• allergies

- kidneys

Question 19

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of cankers, fissures in the corner of the mouth?

Answer 19

• B2

- B3

Question 20

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of dry lips?

Answer 20

-EFA

Question 21

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of a red, irritated tongue?

Answer 21

• B2
• B3
• B12
• Folate
• Iron

Question 22

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of bleeding, tender gums?

Answer 22

• C

- CoezQ10

Question 23

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of dryness, hyperkeratosis on the skin?

Answer 23

• A

- EFA

Question 24

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of stretch marks, petechia on the skin? (characterized by small broken blood vessels on the surface of the skin)

Answer 24

-C

Question 25

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of bruises, excess bruising on the skin?

Answer 25

- C | - K

Question 26

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of thin, splitting nails?

Answer 26

- Mg - Zn - Mn - Cu - EFA

Question 27

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of white spots on the nails?

Answer 27

-Zinc

Question 28

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of spoon shaped nails?

Answer 28

-Iron

Question 29

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of tenderness in the muscles?

Answer 29

-B1

Question 30

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of excessive fatigue in the muscles?

Answer 30

- carnitine | - CoezQ10

Question 31

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of parasthesia (characterized by abnormal sensations of burning, tingling or aching), sensory loss?

Answer 31

- magnesium | - all B vitamins

Question 32

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of being fidgety?(nervous)

Answer 32

- B1 | - B12

Question 33

what are possibly deficiencies/causes of trembling? (nervous)

Answer 33

-B2

Question 34

what do bow lines (depressed furrows) on the nails indicate?

Answer 34

- emotional distress | - severe illness or infection

Question 35

what do clubbed nails indicate?

Answer 35

- emphysema - TB - cancer - cardiovascular disease - chronic cough

Question 36

what do chronic clipping (saw tooth) nails indicate?

Answer 36

-damage due to household or occupational chemicals

Question 37

what do dark spotted (brown or black discolouration which spreads to fingers) on nails indicate?

Answer 37

-malignant melanoma

Question 38

what do lengthwise grooves on the nails indicate?

Answer 38

- kidney disorder - iron deficiency - tendency to arthritis

Question 39

what do longitudinal striations on nails indicate?

Answer 39

-malabsorption

Question 40

what do pitting brown spots (nails resemble hammered brass) on nails indicate?

Answer 40

- psoriasis - alopecia - areata - vitamin C - folic acid - protein

Question 41

what do spoon shaped nails indicate?

Answer 41

- iron deficiency - anemia - B12 deficiency

Question 42

what do stepped surface on nails indicate?

Answer 42

malnutrition

Question 43

what do Terry's nails (dark pink or brown) indicate?

Answer 43

- cirrhosis | - psoriasis

Question 44

what do vertical red streaks on nails indicate?

Answer 44

- splinter hemorrhages - bleeding of the capillaries - liver disease

Question 45

what do vertical white streaks on nails indicate?

Answer 45

- arsenic poisoning - kidney failure - heart attack - sickle cell disease

Question 46

what do 1/2 and 1/2 (brown at tip) nails indicate?

Answer 46

-kidney failure

Question 47

what do unusually squarish and wide nails indicate?

Answer 47

- thyroid disease | - hormonal problems

Question 48

what do unusually long and narrow nails indicate?

Answer 48

- pituitary | - hormone deficiency

Question 49

what do blue spots on nail beds indicate?

Answer 49

- impaired circulation - asthma - emphysema - raynauds syndrome - spasms of the arteries

Question 50

what do white marks on nails indicate?

Answer 50

- low calcium | - low zinc

Question 51

what do blue luna on nails indicate?

Answer 51

- disturbed liver | - delicate lungs and heart

Question 52

what do pale nails indicate?

Answer 52

- anemia | - liver or kidney disorders

Question 53

what do yellow nails indicate?

Answer 53

- delicate liver - lymphatic - respiratory - diabetes - liver problem

Question 54

what do red luna on nails indicate?

Answer 54

-cardiac failure

Question 55

what are causes of imbalance in the skin?

Answer 55

- poor digestion - hormonal imbalance - allergy - toxicity - nutritional deficiencies - bacteria or fungi

Question 56

what are recommendations for the skin?

Answer 56

A, C, E B complex zinc EFAs