Physcology Flashcards
Input
Performer takes in the display and chooses which sense is the most important to them at the time - selective attention
Decision making
An appropriate response is chosen from the memory that they have used in a similar situation before. 30 seconds = short term memory
Output
The short term memory sends messages to the muscles to carry out the movement
Feedback
Information is received determining whether the action was a success
Positive feedback
How well the performer did, good for beginners, helps understand what should be repeated
Negative feedback
Given in response to failure and points out the negative actions, error detection, avoid repeating, elite athletes
Knowledge of results
Feedback on outcome/result, best for beginners as elite athletes know the result without being told
Knowledge of performance
Feedback on movement and technique, used for elite athletes that need to fine tune their thechnique, too technical for beginners
Extrinsic feedback
Received from an outside source, received during or after a performance, useful for beginners who cannot interpret their own feedback
Intrinsic feedback
Comes from the performer themselves, did the skill feel right?
Outcome goals
Not directly controllable, judge by end result, external comparison,
Performance goals
No external comparison, internal comparison, technique based,
Introverts:
Tend towards individual sports with fine skills (e.g. ice skating)
They tend to be self motivated
Have high levels of concentration
Need a low level of arousal
Extroverts:
Tend towards team sports (e.g. rugby)
Need others to motivate them
Gross skills
Easily bored
Need high levels of arousal
Tangible motivation:
Things that you can hold: e.g. trophies, medals, certificates
Athletes could become focussed on the wrong thing
Visual guidance
‘Guidance that you can see’
Mental image tends to last longer than other forms of guidance
Valuable for all stages of learning
Provides a mental image that can be copied
Easily taken in
Can be paired with other forms of guidance e.g. verbal
Verbal guidance
‘Guidance that is provided by another person speaking to you’
Provides labels for movement + instructions
Tends to be used more (without visual) with experienced performers
Can be used whilst performer is in motion
Can direct performer’s attention to specific parts of their performance
Manual guidance
Providing physical support from another person
Can help build confidence
Prevents some errors from occurring
Allows individual attention to be given
Mechanical guidance
Providing physical support from an aid or object
Provides safety
Can help build confidence
Allows individual attention to be given
