Phys 4

Question 1

Oxygen (alveolar)=

Answer 1

Oxygen in (lungs) - Oxygen used (tissues)

Question 2

Solubility of O2? of CO2?

Answer 2

1. .3ml O2/dl blood/100mmHg
   * if we only did it this way, we’d have to pump 83 liters of blood/min–> impossible
2. 6ml CO2/dl blood/100mmHg

Question 3

PaO2 refers to

Answer 3

dissolved oxygen

Question 4

Equilibrium is achieved between hemoglobin and ___

Answer 4

plasma

Question 5

Arterial Oxygen content is at…

Answer 5

17ml O2/dl of blood (85% saturation)

Question 6

What can cause a left shift? A right shift?

Answer 6

1. Low CO2, high pH; decreased temperature

2. High CO2, low pH; increased temperature; increased 2,3 DPG

Question 7

Where do we see a left shift? A right shift?

Answer 7

1. Lungs

2. Tissues

Question 8

Tissues always have __ O2 than the capillaries, which forms a large gradient to send O2 into the ___.

Answer 8

1. less

2. tissue

Question 9

Metabolic Processes: O2 use leads to production of…

Answer 9

1. CO2
2. H2O
3. Heat

Question 10

O2 saturation of venous blood is..

Answer 10

15.2 ml O2/dl blood (75% saturation)

Question 11

What is the a-vO2 difference?

Answer 11

19. 8-15.2= 4.6 ml O2/dl blood

* this is how much O2 we used; differs based on tissue type (skeletal muscle&raquo_space;> adipose tissue)

Question 12

What is the ratio if the fuel is: carbs? fats? mix?

Answer 12

1. 1:1
2. 7:10
3. 8:10

*ratio of CO2:O2

Question 13

Respiratory Quotient (RQ)

Answer 13

-ratio between CO2 produced, and the O2 consumed

RQ= vol. CO2 procured/vol. of O2 consumed = Vdot CO2/Vdot  O2
**RQ= 200ml/250ml = .8

Question 14

How much CO2 is dissolved in each dl of blood?

Answer 14

2.7 ml CO2

Question 15

Haldane Shift

Answer 15

-presence of O2 on the heme reduced the affinity of the Hb chain for the CO2

Question 16

Carbamino compounds

Answer 16

• formed when CO2 combines with plasma proteins or Hb
• CO2 binds the amine groups of the chains (not the heme group–>not fighting with oxygen)
• volume of CO2 carried this way is 3ml/dl of blood

Question 17

Which system carries more CO2: carbamino compounds or bicarbonate?

Answer 17

Bicarbonate (86%)&raquo_space;» carbamino compounds (7%)

Question 18

What rxn does carbonic anhydrase do? Where is this occurring?

Answer 18

1. CO2 + H2O –> H2CO2–> H+ + HCO3
   - HCO3 leaves the cell (so we get forward movement of the rxn), and a Cl-comes into the cell
2. Venous blood (why venous blood has a lower plasma Cl)