GA 1 Flashcards
Superior Thoracic Aperture
- contents: trachea, esophagus, nerves, and vessels
- boundaries: T1 vertebral segment, paired 1st ribs, and superior manubrium
Inferior Thoracic Aperture
- contents: esophagus, inferior vena cava
- boundaries: T12 vertebral segment, 11th and 12th ribs, 7th-10th costal cartilages, and the xiphisternal joint)
True Ribs
- Vertebrocostal
- attach to the sternum via their own costal cartilage
- 1-7
False Ribs
- Vertebrochondral
- attach from vertebral segments to join the costal cartilage immediately superior to that segment
- 8-10
Floating Ribs
- Vertebral
- do NOT attach to the sternum
- 11-12
Typical Ribs
3-9
Atypical Ribs
1, 2, 10, 11, 12
Manubriosternal Joint
- Symphysis
- Sternal Angle and 2nd Costal Notch
?
Xiphisternal Joint
- Synchondrosis (permanent, but could theoretically ossify)
- Inferior limit of the thorax and 7th costal notch
?
Sternocostal Joint
- Synchondrosis (1st rib) and Synovial Planar (ribs 2-7)
- Sternum and ribs
- Anterior Radiate Sternocostal L.
- Posterior Radiate Sternocostal L.
Costovertebral Joint
- Synovial Planar
- head of rib and vertebral body
- Radiate L.
- Intraarticular L.
- Articular Capsule
Costotransverse Joint
- Synovial Planar
- Rib to rib
- Lateral Costotransverse L.
- Superior Costotransverse L.
Costochondral Joint
- Synchondrosis
2. Ribs and costal cartilages
Dislocation of the ribs means…
dislocation of the sternocostal joint
Separation of the ribs means…
separation of the costochondral joint
Interchondral Joint
- Planar Synovial (6/7, 7/8, 8/9 costal cartilages), and Fibrous Joint (9/10 costal cartilages)
- Costal Cartilages
- Interchondral L.
Thoracic Vertebral Joint - Intervertebral Joint
- Symphysis
- Anterior Longitudinal L.
- Posterior Longitudinal L.
- Ligamentum Flavum
- Interspinous L.
- Intertransverse L.
- Supraspinous L.
- Intervertebral Discs
Thoracic Vertebral Joint - Zygapophyseal Joint
- Planar Synovial
- Anterior Longitudinal L.
- Posterior Longitudinal L.
- Ligamentum Flavum
- Interspinous L.
- Intertransverse L.
- Supraspinous L.
- Intervertebral Discs
Thoracentisis
- insertion of hypodermic needles through the intercostal musculature between ribs to obtain a fluid sample or drain small amounts of blood/fluid from the pleural cavity
- need is inserted between ribs inferior to the intercostal NV bundle, but superior to the collateral branches
Insertion of Chest Tube
- insertion of a tube to remove large amounts of air, fluid, blood, or pus from the Pleural Cavity;
- tube is typically inserted in the 5th or 6th intercostal space
Thoroscopy
-insertion of a horoscope into the pleural cavity through a small incision for visualizing and biopsying the space inside the plural cavity
External Intercostal M.
A. Elevate Ribs
N. Intercostal N.
Internal Intercosta M.
A. Depress ribs
N. Intercostal N.
Innermost Intercostal M.
A. Undetermined (probably depress ribs)
N. Intercosta N.
Transverse Thoracic M.
A. Depress ribs
N. Intercostal N.
Subcostal M.
A. Probably act as the internal intercostal M.
N. Intercostal N.
