Phyla of Ocean Life Flashcards
Sponges (Phylum Porifera) can reproduce sexually and asexually. What is the photo below and what type of reproduction is it?
Gemmules, asexually (budding). Similar to spores in that they can survive very extreme environments.
In sponges, an oculum is ______.
A single, large body opening at the top for water and wastes to be expelled.
In sponges, flagellated cells line the body cavity. What are these called?
Choanocytes OR collar cells
The body cavity of a sponge is called a _____.
Spongocoel
In some sponges, spicules are present. What are spicules and what are compounds are they made of?
Star or spike-like structural elements made of calicum carbonate or silica.
Nematocysts are ____________.
Stinging cells containing toxins, used to hunt and defend in Cnidarians
Identify the phylum below.
Phylum Cnidaria
(Called a planula - larval stage of life cycle)
Identify the organism below and classify it.
Diatom (Phylum Heterokontophyta, Class Bacillariophyceae)
Identify the organism below and classify it.
Dinoflagellate (Phylum Dinoflagellata)
What are zooanthellae?
Zooanthellae are single-celled protists (a non-mobile form of dinoflagellate) that live in symbiosis with some marine invertebrates, including coral. Most are in the genus Symbiodinium.
A fish that is born in fresh water, goes to open ocean, and returns to fresh water to spawn is called what? Examples?
Anadromous
Salmon, smelt, sturgeon, striped bass.
A fish that is born in open ocean, lives in fresh water, and returns to the open ocean to spawn is called what? Examples?
Catadromous
Eels.
Lecithotrophic means what? Give examples of lecithotrophic larvae.
Larvae with a yolk as a source of nutrition. These usually can be dispersed longer distances than “crawl-away” larvae.
Tunicates, most fish, and some invertebrates like corals.
Jawless fish are in what superclass? Examples?
Agnatha
Hagfish and Lampreys.
Bony fish are in what superclass?
Osteichthyes.
Literally any fish you can think of.
