Coasts, Beaches, and Estuaries

Question 1

<p>Fine sand is found on what degree of beaches?</p>

Answer 1

<p>1-3 degrees</p>

Question 2

<p>Coarse sand is found on beaches of what degree?</p>

Answer 2

<p>4-9 degrees</p>

Question 3

<p>What type of particle is found on beaches from 10-24 degrees?</p>

Answer 3

<p>Pebbles</p>

Question 4

<p>What is the main mineral found on white sandy beaches?</p>

Answer 4

<p>Calcium Carbonate</p>

Question 5

<p>What is the site called where the sea mixes with fresh water?</p>

Answer 5

<p>Estuary</p>

Question 6

<p>What is a form of estuary produced by glaciers?</p>

Answer 6

<p>Fjord</p>

Question 7

<p>Water on the Fjord floor is?</p>

Answer 7

<p>Deoxygenated and cold</p>

Question 8

<p>The conditions on the fjord floor are similar to?</p>

Answer 8

<p>Parts of the deep sea</p>

Question 9

<p>A coast is where</p>

Answer 9

<p>the land meets the ocean</p>

Question 10

<p>Residence time is</p>

Answer 10

<p>the average length of time that a particle spends in a defined part of the ocean (often an estuary)</p>

Question 11

<p>What type of estuary is formed when rising sea level floods the mouth of a river?</p>

Answer 11

<p>Coastal plain estuary (or a drowned river valley)</p>

Question 12

<p>What type of estuary is formed when a bar or spit isolates a bay from the ocean?
</p>

Answer 12

<p>Bar-built estuary</p>

Question 13

<p>An indentation of coastline that forms a bay is called a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. </p>

Answer 13

<p>Coastal embayment</p>

Question 14

<p>Mangrove forests are found: </p>

Answer 14

<p>In the intertidal zone within the tropics and subtropics. </p>

Question 15

<p>Mangroves serve these purposes:</p>

Answer 15

<p> Coastal protection (from waves and storm surges), nursery for juvenile fishes, timber products, and carbon sequestration.</p>

Question 16

<p>What is a pneumatophore?</p>

Answer 16

<p>Root of a mangrove tree; sticks up into the air and allows the tree to absorb gases directly from the atmosphere.</p>

Question 17

<p>What is a stilt root?</p>

Answer 17

<p>Root of a mangrove tree; grows from the main trunk and burrows underground (sometimes through water) with a smaller network of roots. Provides stability for the mangrove and habitat for juvenile fishes.</p>

Question 18

<p>Mangrove trees are adapted to high salinity. How?</p>

Answer 18

<p>By limiting water loss through stomata regulation and expelling salt through salt glands</p>

Question 19

<p>In mangroves, what are aerenchyma?</p>

Answer 19

<p>Specialized cells in the roots that have air spaces for oxygen transport.</p>

Question 20

What are the different types of mangroves?

Answer 20

Buttonwood Mangrove (Conocarpus erectus)
White Mangrove (Lagunculxaria racemes)
Black Mangrove (Avicenna germinans)
Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle)
Grey Mangrove (Avecennia)

Question 21

<p>Buttonwood mangroves are used extensively for what? Why?</p>

Answer 21

<p>Landscaping, bonsai, and decorative purposes, due to the silvery hairs on their leaves. </p>

Question 22

Which country has the third-largest area of mangroves in the world?

Answer 22

Australia