Benthic Environment Flashcards

1
Q

How many percent of known ocean species live on the ocean floor?

A

98 percent

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2
Q

How many known marine species are there?

A

250,000

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3
Q

Rocky shorelines teem with organisms that live on the surface of the ocean floor. These organisms are known as?

A

epifauna

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4
Q

A typical rocky shore can be divided into two zones, which are?

A

Spray Zone and Intertidal Zone

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5
Q

What are the subzones of the intertidal zone?

A

High tide zone, middle tide zone, and low tide zone

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6
Q

Which intertidal zone is relatively dry and is only covered by the highest tide?

A

High tide zone

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7
Q

Which is alternately covered by all high tides and exposed during all low tides?

A

Middle tide zone

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8
Q

Which is usually wet but is exposed during the lowest low tides?

A

Low tide zone

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9
Q

The greatest animal diversity is at which latitude?

A

Lower (tropical) latitudes

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10
Q

The greatest diversity of algae is at which latitude?

A

Greater, mid-latitudes

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11
Q

The spray zone is also known as the what?

A

Supralittoral zone

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12
Q

What zone hosts few species of algae and many species that have shells to maintain moisture?

A

Supralittoral (spray) zone

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13
Q

Rock lice, sea roach, periwinkle snail, limpet, and rock louse are found in which zone?

A

Spray Zone

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14
Q

What is the genus of rock louse?

A

Ligia

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15
Q

What is the genus of periwinkle snail?

A

Littorina

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16
Q

What is the genus of Limpet?

17
Q

Periwinkles can move between which two tidal zones?

A

spray zone and high tidal zone

18
Q

Algae in the genus Fucus live in ___ latitudes and the genus Pelvita live in ____ latitudes.

A

Colder, warmer

19
Q

Rockweed is a type of algae found mostly in which intertidal zone?

A

High tidal zone

20
Q

____ are among the first organisms to colonize a rocky shore.

21
Q

Mussels and buckshot barnacles are found in which tidal zone?

A

High tidal zone

22
Q

T or F: The total biomass in the middle tidal zone is greater than in the high tidal zone.

23
Q

Acorn barnacles, goosed necked barnacles, and mussels exist in which tidal zone?

A

Middle tidal zone

24
Q

What are byssus threads?

A

A part of a mussel that helps it attach to rock

25
Carnivorous snails and sea stars feed upon what?
mussels
26
What causes coral bleaching?
Increased temperature, runoff and pollution, overexposure to sunlight, exposure to air during extremely low tides
27
What is coral bleaching?
Reaction to stressors where a coral expels symbiotic zooxanthellae from their tissues.
28
What does HAB stand for?
Harmful Algae Bloom