Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

Photosynthesis

A

-the process is a chemical reaction
-most important chemical on Earth
-life on Earth depends on sun for energy
-the process of changing ligth energy to chemical energy

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2
Q

Plants Need…

A

-sunlight
-carbon dioxide
-water
-chlorophyll

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3
Q

Chemical equation for photosynthesis

A

Begins with sun-coverts in to energy for plants/animals to use

Carbon dioxide+ Water -> Glucose + oxygen

6CO 2+ 6H 2 0 -> C 6 H 12 O 6+ 6O 2

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4
Q

Photosynthesis Description

A
  • energy stored as sugar
    -occurs in plants and some algae
    -plants nedd light energy, CO 2 and H 2 O
    -takes place within chloroplast,using chlorophyll
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5
Q

Chlorophyll

A

green pigment in plants

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6
Q

Chloroplast structure

A

-thylakoids
-stroma

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7
Q

Thylakoids

A

-all around the chloroplast
-stacks of things
-light- dependent reaction

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8
Q

Stroma

A

-space in the chloroplast that the thylakoids are stored

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9
Q

Light-dependent reaction

A

-occurs in thylakoids
-takes the energy from the sun and transfers it to electron carriers
(charges batteries)

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10
Q

Light-independent reaction

A

-occurs in stroma (calvin cycle)
-converts the energy from the electron carriers into storage sugars
(uses battery)

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11
Q

Light-indy. and Light- dep. Description

A

-ligth from the sunis converted into energy the plant can use
-uses water and sunlight alon with ATP to move energy out of the thylakoids and into the stroma
-done through electron carriers like NADPH

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12
Q

The switch of NADP+ to NADPH

A

-moves an extra electron (H+ ion) from the H20 and add it to a molecule called NADPH+

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13
Q

NADPH

A

-carrier very excited high-energy electrons out of the thylakoids and into the stroma
-can be used in making sugars by powering the Ligth-indy. reaction in the stroma

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14
Q

Calvin Cycle

A

-uses energy from ATP and NADPH from the light-dep. reactoin to produce high-energy sugars (food)
-is a light-indy. reaction: does not need to have light energy to run it’s reactions

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15
Q

Calvin Cycle description

A

-energy is carried to the stroma in the form of NADPH
-energy is used to convert CO2 from the atmosphere into sugars to be used to help the plant/algae grow

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16
Q

Celleur Respiration1

A

-opposite of photosynthesis
-takes place in mitochondria
-process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen
-end result is around 32 ATP molecules of energy for the cell to use

17
Q

Celleur Respiration

A

-the breakdown of glucose molecules to release stored energy
-takes place in all living things
-similar to photosynthesis because multi-step process

18
Q

Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration

A

C6H12O6+6O2 -> 6CO2+6H2O

19
Q

Stadges of Celleur Respiration

A

-Glycolysis
-Kreb Cycle
-Electron Transport Chain

20
Q

Glycolysis

A

-process in the cytoplasm
-glucose is broken down into pyruvate
-2 ATP produced

21
Q

Kreb Cycle

A

-process in the mitochondria
-pyruvate is converted to free electrons (H+)
-2 ATP produced

22
Q

Electron Transport Chain

A

-process in the mitochondria
-O2 (inhale) used to remove H and leave electrons= producing H20(waste)
-28 ATP produced

23
Q

Anaerobic Process

A

-no oxygen required for process
-bacteria and yeast are examples of anarobes
ex.fermentation,glycolysis

24
Q

Aerobic Process

A

-oxygen is present or required

25
Q

Kreb Cycle Description

A

-reverse of Calvin cycle where instead sugar enters and carbon dioxide is released as waste
-removes the H+ ions and their energy packed electrons from pyruvate sugar
-result of Kreb Cycle is a large amount of electrons attached to a hydrogen