Cell parts + functions Flashcards
Nucleus
-control center of the cell
-double membrane (nucleur membrane)
- contains: chromosomes and nucleolus
Nuclelous
-most cells have 2 or more
-directs the synthesis of RNA
-is what forms ribosomes within the nucleus
Lysosomes
-contains digestive enzymes
-aid in cell renewal
-break down old cell parts
-digests invanders
Ribosomes
carry messaes around the cell
-to/ from the nucleus
Vacuole
-membrane-bound storage sacs
-stroes: water, food, waste
- more common in plants
-releases waste out of the plant
Cell Wall
-found in plants, fungi, and many protists
-surrounds the cell membrane
-rigid, rough layer
-allows for the plant to grow taller
-has pores so that materials can pass through
Cell Membrane
-protective barrier for cell contents
-double layer of phosphdlipids and proteins
Chlrorplast
-derived from photosynthetic bacteria
-solar energy capturing organelle
-only in plants cells
-gives the plants its color or green pigament
Smooth ER
carries smooth type stuff such as lipids
Rough ER
-ribosomes connect to this
Golgi Apparatus
-involved in synthesis of plant cell wall
-packagaing and shipping station of cell to be transported to needing area
DNA
-hereditary material
-chromosomes: DNA, proteins, form of cell division
-chromatin
Cytoplasm
-clear, thick- like, gel consistence
-components of cytoplasm
+interconnnected filaments and fibers
+ fluid=cytosol
+ organelles (not nucleus)
+ storage substances
+ shock absobs
Mitchondria
-break down fuel molecules (cellular respiriation)
+glucose
+fatty acids
-release energy
+stored as ATP
-powerhouse of the cell
Cells
-smallest living unit
-most are microscopic
-first identified by Robert Hooke
Idenitfy Differences
-plants have chloropasts
-plants have cell walls
-vacuoles are found in plants
-plants are sqaure and animal are more circular
Prokrayotic Cells
-first cell type on Earth to exsist
-cell of bacteria and Archea
-single-celled organisums
-no-membrane- bound nucleus
Golgi Appparatus Functions
- molecules come in vesticules
- vesicules fuse with golgi membrane
- molecules may be motified by golgi
- molecules pinched-off in seperate vesicle
- vesicle leaves golgi apparatus
- vesicle may combine with plasma membrae to secrede contents
ER
-helps move substances within cells
-makes proteins similar to barista
-Fed Ex of the cell
-network of interconnected membranes
-two types: smooth and rough
Eukaryotic Cell
-membrane- bound organelles
-include fungi, protists, plant and animal cells
-posses many organelles
-most cells are multi-celleur
Nuclear Envelope
area in which materials pass into and out of the nucleus through pores
Similarites
-sometimes both vacuoles and lysomones can do the same things
-DNA, ribosomes, golgi, smooth ER, rough ER, nuclelus, nucleolus, mitchondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell membrane, vesticules
Vesticles
sorter through in golgi
