photosynthesis and cellular respiration Flashcards
define photosynthesis
the process of transforming solar energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose
what are the inputs of photosynthesis?
CO2 + H20
what are the outputs of photosynthesis?
O2 and C6H12O6
what is the chemical reaction of photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight»_space;» C6H12O6 + 6O2
What are the two stages of photosynthesis?
light reaction and Calvin Cycle
what does the light reaction do?
Using energy to split H2O and produce energy (ATP and NADPH), output = O2
Where does the light reaction occur?
in thylakoid membrane in granum as it has chlorophyll that absorbs sunlight
What happens in the Calvin Cycle?
NAPDH and ATP break a bond to release energy to power the combination of hydrogen and CO2 to create glucose
where does the Calvin Cycle happen?
stroma (fluid in chloroplasts)
where does photosynthesis occur?
chloroplast
Define cellular respiration
the process of converting the chemical energy of glucose into a useable form of energy for the cell of ATP
Where does cellular respiration happen?
mitochondria
what are the inputs of cellular respiration?
glucose (C6H12O6) and O2
What are the outputs of cellular respiration ?
H20 + CO2 + ATP
what is the chemical reaction of cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2»_space;» 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
What is aerobic respiration ?
requires oxygen
What is anaerobic respiration?
doesn’t require oxygen
how much ATP does aerobic respiration produce?
36 ATP
How much ATP does anaerobic respiration produce?
2 ATP
what is glycolysis?
glucose broken into two pyruvate molecules to produce 2 ATP in cytosol (no oxygen)
what is Kreb’s Cycle?
two pyruvate molecules move into mitochondria to combine with oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O (32 ATP)
what does anaerobic respiration produce in animals?
lactic acid + 2 ATP
what does anaerobic respiration produce in plants?
alcohol + CO2 + 2 ATP
what happens in aerobic respiration?
glycolysis and Krebs Cycle
What happens in anaerobic respiration?
glycolysis and fermentation
what happens in fermentation?
two pyruvate molecules stay in cytosol and ferment to be disposed of to create lactic acid (animals) or alcohol (plants)
similarities of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
produce energy rich molecules
differences between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
photosynthesis outputs (Glucose and O2) are the inputs of cellular respiration. The outputs of cellular respiration (CO2 and H20) are the inputs of photosynthesis
what are some factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis
light intensity, carbon dioxide availability, water availability
how much ATP does cellular respiration create?
36 ATP
