digestive system Flashcards
what is bile?
emulsifies fats - produced in liver, stored in gall bladder, acts in small intestine
what is trypsin?
breaks down trypsin - produced in pancreas, acts in stomach
what is pepsin?
breaks down proteins - hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen into pepsin in stomach
what is lipase?
breaks down lipids - produced in pancreas, acts in small intestine and stomach
what is amylase?
breaks starch into glucose - produced in salivary glands and pancreas, acts in mouth and small intestine
what is does the digestive system do?
egestion
what does the mouth do?
salivary glands produce amylase to break down starch, saliva moistens food and teeth crush food
what does the oesophagus do?
use peristalsis to move food down
what does the stomach do?
HCl activates pepsinogen into pepsin (breaks protein), amylase (breaks starch), lipase (breaks lipids) and churning
what does the small intestine do?
uses trypsin (breaks proteins), lipase (breaks lipids), amylase (breaks starch) from pancreas, uses bile to emulsify lipids, absorbs nutrients
what does the large intestine do?
absorb water and use peristalsis to move food
where does the waste leave the body?
anus
what is a catalyst?
enzymes are biological catalysts - speed up reactions
what are the two ways an enzyme works?
splitting one substrate or binding two substrate together
what PH is acidic?
low (less then 7)
