Photosynthesis

Question 1

Autotroph

Answer 1

an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.

Question 2

Heterotroph

Answer 2

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.

Question 3

Cellular Respiration

Answer 3

the aerobic process by which living cells break down glucose molecules, release energy, and form molecules of ATP.

Question 4

Pigment

Answer 4

a substance occurring in plant or animal tissue and producing a characteristic colour, such as chlorophyll in green plants and haemoglobin in red blood.

Question 5

Chlorophyll

Answer 5

a green photosynthetic pigment found in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria.

Question 6

Thylakoid membrane

Answer 6

membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen.

Question 7

ATP

Answer 7

energy-carrying molecule found in the cells of all living things.

Question 8

Aerobic respiration

Answer 8

he process by which organisms use oxygen to turn fuel, such as fats and sugars, into chemical energy.

Question 9

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 9

the type of respiration through which cells can break down sugars to generate energy in the absence of oxygen

Question 10

Glycolysis

Answer 10

the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.

Question 11

Fermentation

Answer 11

the metabolic process by which organic molecules (normally glucose) are converted into acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen or any electron transport chain