biochemistry

Question 1

Protien

Answer 1

The building blocks of life

Question 2

Amino Acid

Answer 2

a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group.

Question 3

Carbohydrate

Answer 3

any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose.

Question 4

Monosaccharide

Answer 4

any of the class of sugars (e.g., glucose) that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar.

Question 5

Polysaccharide

Answer 5

a carbohydrate (e.g. starch, cellulose, or glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together.

Question 6

Nucleic Acid

Answer 6

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.

Question 7

Nucleotide

Answer 7

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

Question 8

Lipid

Answer 8

any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids.

Question 9

Enzyme

Answer 9

a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction

Question 10

Monomer

Answer 10

a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.

Question 11

Polymer

Answer 11

a substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly or entirely of a large number of similar units bonded together, e.g., many synthetic organic materials used as plastics and resins.

Question 12

Activation Energy

Answer 12

the minimum quantity of energy which the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.

Question 13

Substrate

Answer 13

the substrate is a molecule upon which an enzyme acts. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions involving the substrate(s).

Question 14

Polar Molecule

Answer 14

a chemical species in which the distribution of electrons between the covalently bonded atoms is not even.

Question 15

Non Polar Molecule

Answer 15

When atoms bond together to form molecules, they share or give electrons. If the electrons are shared equally by the atoms, then there is no resulting charge, and the molecule is nonpolar.