Photosynthesis

Question 1

Photosynthesis Word equation

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

Question 2

Photosynthesis symbol equation

Answer 2

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 3

Leaves are adapted for photosynthesis:

5

Answer 3

Leaves = broad - large SA expose to light
Most of chloroplasts found in palisade layer - near top of leaf - can get most light
Upper epidermis = transparent - light can pass growth to palisade layer
Leaves have network of vascular bundles - transport vessels (xylem and phloem) deliver water and nutrients and take glucose away
Waxy cuticle - helps to reduce water loss by evaporation

Question 4

4 Mineral ions plants need for healthy growth

Answer 4

Nitrates
Phosphates
Potassium
Magnesium

Question 5

Plants
What do nitrates do?
If not enough nitrates …

Answer 5

Contain nitrogen for making - amino acids and proteins - which are needed for cell growth
If not enough nitrates - plant will be stunted and older leaves will be yellow

Question 6

Plants
What do phosphates do?
If not enough phosphate …

Answer 6

Contain phosphorus for making - DNA and cell membranes
Also needed for respiration and growth
If not enough phosphates - poor root growth and purple older leaves

Question 7

Plants
What does potassium do?
If not enough ….

Answer 7

To help the enzymes needed for photosynthesis and respiration
If not enough potassium in soil - poor flower & fruit growth + discoloured leaves

Question 8

Plants
What does magnesium do?
If not enough…

Answer 8

Needed in small amounts
Required for making chlorophyll (needed for photosynthesis)
If not enough - yellow leaves

Question 9

Root hair cells adaptions for absorption (2)

Answer 9

LARGE SA - due to root hair - molecule can quickly move into cell
LOTS OF MITOCHONDRIA - to provide ATP by respiration for active uptake of minerals

Question 10

Structure of a root hair cell

6

Answer 10

CYTOPLASM
NUCLEUS
VACUOLE
CELL MEMBRANE
CELL WALL
LOTS OF MITOCHONDRIA

Question 11

What happens to a Plant cell in a concentrated sugar/salt solution?

Answer 11

CELL = plasmolysed

Water leaves the cell - so much that membrane comes away form cell wall

Question 12

What happens to a plant cell in a weak/dilute sugar/salt solution?

Answer 12

CELL = flaccid
Some water moves out of cell
Water conc soon balances out

Question 13

What happens to a plant cell in pure water?

Answer 13

CELL = turgid

Water moves into the cell

Question 14

What does the Xylem transport?

Answer 14

Water & minerals

Question 15

What does the phloem transport?

Answer 15

Sugars

Question 16

Where does the xylem transport form and to?

Answer 16

Soil -> leaves

Question 17

Where does the phloem transport to?

Answer 17

From leaves -> up & down (all around the plant)

Question 18

What is transpiration?

Answer 18

The loss of water from the plant (mainly from the leaves)

Question 19

Rate of transpiration affected by :

4

Answer 19

LIGHT
HUMIDITY
WIND SPEED
TEMP

Question 20

What do you use to measure transpiration

Answer 20

POTOMETERS

Question 21

Two types of potometers?

Answer 21

Mass potometer

Volume/bubble potometer

Question 22

Are stomata open/ closed in light?

Answer 22

Open