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Biology > Human Reproduction > Flashcards

Human Reproduction Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ovary

A

Produces ova and sex hormones

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2
Q

Cervix

A

The neck of the uterus

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3
Q

Vagina

A

Where sperm is deposited during sexual intercourse

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4
Q

Fallopian tube

A

Carries the ovum from the ovary to the uterus

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5
Q

Uterus

A

Where an embryo develops into a fetus

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6
Q

Uterus lining (endometrium)

A

Where the embryo implants and forms the placenta

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7
Q

Muscular uterus wall

A

Contracts during child birth

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8
Q

Testes

A

Where sperm are made my melosis

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9
Q

Scrotum

A

Contains the testes & keeps them below 33 degrees Celsius

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10
Q

Sperm duct

A

Tube carrying sperm towards the urethra

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11
Q

Prostate gland & seminal vesicle

A

Produce liquid semen to carry & nourish sperm

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12
Q

Urethra

A

Tube that carries sperm through the penis during ejaculation. Also oases urine

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13
Q

Birth (3 steps)

A
  1. Dilation
  2. Delivery of baby
  3. Delivery of after birth
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14
Q

Dilation of the cervix

A

Cervix has to expand from <1cm to 10cm -> can take 30-48 mins
-> usually waters break / amniotic fluid is released

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15
Q

Delivery of baby

A
  • > strong contractions of the uterus wall push baby out
  • > contractions increase in intensity throughout labour
  • > every 30 secs as baby is being born
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16
Q

Delivery of afterbirth

A

(The placenta & umbilical cord)

-> uterus continues to contract until after birth is delivered

17
Q

Haploid nucleus

A

Contains half male/female genetic material

18
Q

Acrosome (sperm cell)

A

Sac of enzymes that digest a path into the egg through the zone pellucide

19
Q

Zona pellucide

A

Layer of jelly that surrounds the egg & protects it (hardens after one sperm has penetrated)

20
Q

Progesterone

A
  • > released by ovary
  • > further develops & maintains uterus’ thick lining
  • > inhibits the release of FSH & LH preventing further ovulation
  • > corpus luteum breaks down &a gradually stops making progesterone
  • > FSH released, a new eggs matures
21
Q

FSH

A

(Follicle stimulating hormone)

  • > released by pituitary gland in brain
  • > acts on the ovary to cause an immature egg to mature
  • > egg develops inside follicle and ovary starts to make oestrogen
22
Q

Oestrogen

A
  • > produced by ovaries

- > acts on the uterus to cause the lining to build up

23
Q

LH

A
  • > released by pituitary gland as a ‘surge’
  • > causes ovulation -> egg to be released from follicle into Fallopian tube
  • > empty follicle -> corpus luteum & produces progesterone

Biology (9 decks)

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