PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Question 1

process used for plants to produce their own food for energy

Answer 1

photosynthesis

Question 2

heterotrophic nutrition

Answer 2

organisms that do not produce their own food for energy and have to eat other organisms to provide them with energy

Question 3

heterotrophs

Answer 3

ingest organic molecules

Question 4

autotrophic

Answer 4

synthesizes own organic molecules

Question 5

photosynthesis

Answer 5

the process where carbon dioxide and water are combined, in the presence of chlorophyll and light energy, to and from carbohydrates/glucose(chemical potential energy)

Question 6

requirements of photosynthesis

Answer 6

1. carbon dioxide(from atmosphere)
2. water(absorbed by roots and delivered via xylem)
3. chlorophyll(present in chloroplasts)
4. energy(sunlight)

Question 7

products of photosynthesis

Answer 7

1. glucose(converted to insoluble starch and stored)

2. oxygen(released into atmosphere via stomata pores)

Question 8

biological importance of photosynthesis

Answer 8

1. forms energy rich carbohydrates
2. use carbon dioxide for photosynthesis to keep it at a constant level in the atmosphere
3. produces oxygen to keep levels constant

Question 9

where photosynthesis takes place

Answer 9

chloroplast

Question 10

function of double membrane

Answer 10

permeable for CO2, O2, H2O and glucose

Question 11

function of starch

Answer 11

1. is osmotic inactive meaning that it inhibits the occurrence of osmosis and stores starch

Question 12

function of intergranum lamella

Answer 12

connects thylakoids or granny to one another

Question 13

function of ribosomes

Answer 13

where protein synthesis occurs

Question 14

function of stroma

Answer 14

colourless fluid where dark phase of photosynthesis occurs

Question 15

function of thylakoids

Answer 15

photosynthetic membranes which contains chlorophyll and is where light phase occurs

Question 16

function of granum

Answer 16

increases the surface area for the light phase to occur

Question 17

2 phases in which photosynthesis occurs

Answer 17

1. light phase(light dependent phase)

2. dark phase(light independent phase)

Question 18

summary of light phase

Answer 18

1. required radiant energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in grana
2. water is absorbed into grana of chloroplast
3. radiant enrgy causes the water molecule to split(photolysis)
4. energy rich hydrogen ions is released which are taken by a carrier molecule (NADP+) into the light independent phase
5. oxygen is released through stomata to atmosphere
6. produces ATP(energy carrier) during phosphorylation which will be used in dark phase

Question 19

summary of dark phase

Answer 19

1. carbon dioxide is absorbed from the atmosphere and moves to the stroma
2. carbon dioxide and energy rich hydrogen ions are combined by using ATP(dephosphorylation) to fron glucose
3. excess glucose is stored as starch in starch granules

Question 20

produces 38 ATP molecules

Answer 20

1 glucose molecule

Question 21

3 factors affecting photosynthesis

Answer 21

1. light intensity
2. carbon dioxide concentration
3. temperature

Question 22

how does light intensity affect photosynthesis?

Answer 22

rate of photosynthesis increases as the light intensity increases until it reaches an intensity where the rate will stay constant

Question 23

how carbon dioxide concentration affects photosynthesis

Answer 23

increases in the carbon dioxide concentration increases the rate of photosynthesis HOWEVER at high levels of carbon dioxide the rate of photosynthesis stays at a relatively constant level

Question 24

how temperature affects photosynthesis

Answer 24

as temperature increases towards 25°C, the rate of photosynthesis will also increase and the further the increase in temperature enzymes will begin to denature causing a decrease in the rate of photosynthesis

Question 25

25°C

Answer 25

temperature in which photosynthesis occurs optimally

Question 26

role of ATP in the cell

Answer 26

ATP is the high energy carrier in plant and animal cells and when ATP breaks down, energy is released and is used by the cell for all metabolic work

Question 27

what is a greenhouse gas?

Answer 27

an enclosed building made of glass or clear plastic which is used to plants

Question 28

purpose of greenhouses

Answer 28

used to control the amount of light, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration and nutrients which the plants receive therefore improving crop yield and profitability for the farm
also keeps out pests

Question 29

how does a greenhouse work?

Answer 29

sunlight enters and the short wave radiated light does not leave the greenhouse as its trapped by the plastic or glass and bounces back to the greenhouse warming it up