CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Question 1

purpose of cellular respiration

Answer 1

to break down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release stored chemical potential energy

Question 2

why organisms need energy

Answer 2

the need energy in order for the 7 life processes to occur

Question 3

2 types of cellular respiration

Answer 3

1. aerobic cellular respiration

2. anaerobic cellular respiration

Question 4

aerobic respiration

Answer 4

process that takes place in the presence of oxygen and produces two metabolic waste products called CO2 and H2O

Question 5

anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

process that takes place in the absence of oxygen

Question 6

anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 6

produces metabolic waste product called lactic acid(gives us stiff muscles when we exercise)

Question 7

anaerobic respiration in plants/bacteria and yeast

Answer 7

produces metabolic waste products called CO2 and ethanol(used in beer etc)

Question 8

where cellular respiration takes place

Answer 8

the mitochondria

Question 9

3 stages of aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 9

1. glycolysis
2. krebs cycle
3. oxidative phosphorylation

Question 10

glycolysis

Answer 10

1. occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell
2. where glucose is broken down to pyric acid
3. energy rich hydrogen atoms are carried by carrier molecule (NAD+)and move into mitochondria
4. 2 ATP molecules are produced

Question 11

krebs cycle

Answer 11

1. occurs in mitochondrial matrix
2. pyruvic acid is then broken down into carbon dioxide and energy rich hydrogen atoms which are picked up by NAD
3. the carbon dioxide will be transported in the blood to the lungs and is exhaled during breathing in humans/animals

Question 12

oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 12

1. occurs in the inner mitochondria membrane
2. the energy from the energy rich NADH is used to make ATP(phosphorylation)
3. the hydrogen combines with oxygen to make water
4. the water is either exhaled as water vapour or is excreted by the kidneys as part of the urine

Question 13

2 stages of anaerobic respiration

Answer 13

1. glycolysis

2. fermentation

Question 14

produces alcohol and CO2

Answer 14

alcoholic fermentation in plants/ bacteria and yeast

Question 15

produces lactic acid

Answer 15

lactic acid fermentation in animals

Question 16

differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Answer 16

1. in aerobic respiration the raw materials required are glucose and oxygen whereas in anaerobic respiration only glucose required
2. the products of aerobic respiration carbon dioxide and water whereas with anaerobic respiration its ethanol, carbon dioxide and lactic acid
3. the amount of energy released per glucose molecule for aerobic respiration is 38 ATP whereas with anaerobic respiration only 2 ATP