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IM 2 > Phosphorus - Exam 5 > Flashcards

Phosphorus - Exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Phosphorus levels

A

2.4-4.5 mg/dl

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2
Q

What is phosphorus regulated by?

A

Parathyroid and calcitrol

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3
Q

Main functions of phosphorus

A
  • regulated by parathyroid and calcitriol
  • helps regulate calcium
  • cellular metabolism and energy production through ATP
  • essential for bone and teeth
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4
Q

Phosphorus is essential for

A

Bone and teeth

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5
Q

Level for Hypophosphatemia

A

<2.4

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6
Q

Insufficient phosphorus intake leads to what ?

A
  • malnutrition
  • starvation
  • refeeding syndrome
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7
Q

Fatal shift of fluids and electrolytes that may occur in malnourished patients

A

Refeeding syndrome

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8
Q

Increased phosphorus excretion causes

A
  • hypoparathyroidism
  • malignancy
  • diuretics and diarrhea
  • use of magnesium based or aluminum based antacids
  • increase Ca+ depletes phosphorus
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9
Q

Calcium rises and phosphorus drops

A

Hyperparathyroidism

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10
Q

In a patient with Hypophosphatemia what do we look out for in cardiovascular

A

Decreased BP and HR

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11
Q

In a patient with Hypophosphatemia what do we look for in GI

A

Hypoactive bowel sounds

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12
Q

In a patient with Hypophosphatemia what do we look for in GU

A

Kidney stones

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13
Q

In a patient with Hypophosphatemia what do we look for in neurological

A

Altered LOC
Decreased DTR

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14
Q

In a patient with Hypophosphatemia what do we look for in musculoskeletal

A

Severe muscle weakness

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15
Q

What are patients at risk for in hypophosphatemia

A

Bone pain and fractures because of the inverse relationship with calcium

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16
Q

What interventions do we do with a patient with hypophosphatemia

A
  • replace phosphorus IV or PO
  • administer oral phosphorus via vitamin D
17
Q

How do you administer phosphorus via IV

A

Slow if severely low

18
Q

What precautions are patients with hypophosphatemia

A

Fracture precautions

19
Q

Levels of Hyperphosphatemia

A

> 4.5mg/dl

20
Q

Causes of Hyperphosphatemia

A
  • increase phosphorus intake
  • overuse of laxatives and enemas with phosphorus
  • decreased excretion of P due to renal insufficiency
  • hypoparathyroidism
  • Hypocalcemia
21
Q

Patients with Hyperphosphatemia what do we need to look for in neuromuscular

A
  • irritable skeletal muscles
  • painful muscle spasms in calf or foot
    • trousseaus and Chvosteks
  • hyperactive DTRs
  • osteoporosis
22
Q

Patients with Hyperphosphatemia what do we look for in GI

A

Hyperactive bowel sounds
Diarrhea

23
Q

What interventions do we do for phosphate?

A

Same as Hypocalcemia

IM 2 (17 decks)

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