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IM 2 > Magnesium - Exam 5 > Flashcards

Magnesium - Exam 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Normal lab levels for magnesium +

A

1.5-2.5 mg/dl

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2
Q

What does magnesium support in the body?

A

Muscle and nerve function and energy production

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3
Q

Magnesium + best friend is

A

Calcium: when one goes up the other one goes up

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4
Q

Mg+ has a inverse relationship with?

A

Phosphorus

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5
Q

What does Mg+ help to maintain

A
  • blood glucose level
  • blood pressure
  • skeletal muscle contraction
  • neurologic function
  • ATP formation
  • immune system - fight inflammation
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6
Q

Hyponagnesemia level

A

<1.5 mg/dl

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7
Q

What is the number one cause of hypomagnesemia

A

Chronic alcohol use

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8
Q

Causes of hypomagnesemia

A
  • chronic alcohol use
  • renal loss
  • GI loss
  • Diuretics
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9
Q

In a patient with hypomagnesemia is experiencing renal loss and is an alcoholic why might this be?

A

The renal loss is from the overuse of alcohol and this increases excretion of Mg

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10
Q

In a patient with hypomagnesemia what neuromuscular signs do we look for?

A
  • tetany, twitches, paresthesias
    • Trousseaus and Chvostek signs
  • increased DTRs
  • laryngeal stridor
  • tachycardia
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11
Q

Mg + and which electrolytes are best friends

A

Calcium

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12
Q

Hypomagnesemia accompanies what

A

Hypocalcemia

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13
Q

Hypomagnesemia interventions

A
  • replace Mg + and Ca + (IV OR PO)
  • seizure precautions
  • Monitor DTRs
  • discontinue medications that cause Mg+ loss
  • monitor K if Mg is low
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14
Q

If magnesium is low what other electrolyte might be low

A

Potassium

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15
Q

If Mg+ and K+ are both low which do we treat first?

A

Treat hypomagnesemia prior to treating hypokalemia

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16
Q

When we are monitoring DTRs in a patient with hypomagnesemia and the DTRs are diminished or absent. What is this called?

A

Hypermagnesemia

17
Q

Causes of hypermagnesemia

A
  • increased Mg+ intake
  • decreased renal excretion of Mg+
18
Q

Hypermagnesemia level

A

> 2.5mg/dl

19
Q

In a patient with Hypermagnesemia what do we look for with the heart?

A
  • Bradycarida
  • hypotension
  • respirations low and slow??
20
Q

In a patient with Hypermagnesemia what do we look for in the lung?

A

Respirations are low and shallow

21
Q

In a patient with Hypermagnesemia what do we look out for in the GI

A

Hypoactive bowel sounds

22
Q

In a patient with Hypermagnesemia what do we look out for in neuro?

A

Drowsiness and lethargy

23
Q

In a patient with Hypermagnesemia what do we look for in MS

A

Diminished or absent DTRs

24
Q

What is the antidote medication for hypermagnesemia

A

Calcium Gluconate is antidote for magnesium overdose

25
Q

Meds we give for Hypermagnesemia

A

Diuretics - excretion of Mg*

IM 2 (17 decks)

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