Fluid balance and intravenous therapy - exam 2 Flashcards
movement of fluid ( water) across cell membrane due to hydrostatic pressure
filtration
movement of solutes (substances) from higher to lower concentration
diffusion
movement of fluid (Water) from areas of more fluid to areas of less fluid
osmosis
solutes (particles) move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration resulting equal distribution
diffusion
in diffusion, solutes
move
fluid ( water) moves from areas with lower solute concentration to areas with higher concentration
osmosis
in osmosis fluid
moves
is generated by the
cardiovascular system as blood is pumped
through the body’s blood vessels
hydrostatic pressure
DS
diffusion/solutes
OF
osmosis/fluid
a type of biological or synthetic, polymeric membrane that will allow certain molecules or ions to pass through it by osmosis.
Semipermeable membrane
osmotic balance
control of water and electrolyte balance in the body
the active regulation of the osmotic pressure of bodily fluids to maintain the homeostasis of the body’s water content; that is it keeps the body’s fluids from becoming too dilute or too concentrated
Osmoregulation
exerted by pumping of heart
hydrostatic= pushing force - pushes fluid out of capillaries
is the ‘pulling force’ pulling fluids from the surrounding tissue into the capillaries.
Oncotic pressure
what do we associate hydrostatic pressure with?
think heart - pushing fluid out
what do we associate oncotic pressure with?
think albumin - pulling fluid in
condition where fluid accumulates in a pocket that is not serving a purpose
third spacing
this happens when fluid accumulates and does not serve a purpose
third spacing
occurs as a result of increased permeability of the capillary membrane or decreased plasma colloid osmotic pressure
third spacing
common causes of edema ?
long periods of standing or sitting
chronic lung diseases
CHF
albumin level in lab value will be low
starvation
if the heart is not pumping well, not enough pushing fluid through capillary so get a build up of hydrostatic pressure can lead to
edema
an accumulation of interstitial fluid within tissues
edema
severe, generalized edema marked by profound swelling of subcutaneous tissues and accumulation of fluid in body cavities
anasarca
sodium and potassium use ATP to move in and out of cells in a form of
active transport called the sodium potassium pump
ICF
fluid inside the cells
ECF
fluids outside of the cells
fluid found inside the cells
intracellular 2/3 of fluid
fluid outside the cells
extracellular 1/3 of fluid
fluids outside of the cell must be balanced with
intracellular fluid
to maintain balance or homeostasis inside the cell must
be balanced with ectracellular fluid
found in the vascular system that consists of arteries, veins and capillary networks
intravascular
is whole blood volume and also includes red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, and platelets
intravascular fluid
