Phonology

Question 1

Phonology

Answer 1

The study of the sounds of words and the different dialects and pronunciation used.

Question 2

Accent

Answer 2

Language pronunciation variations- the sounds of language.

Question 3

Dialect

Answer 3

Grammatical and lexical variations- word choice due to influences like region and individuals.

Question 4

Idiolect

Answer 4

An individuals unique way of speaking and using language.

Question 5

Sociolect

Answer 5

The language associated with a particular social group which might be said to have their own distinctive styles of language.

Question 6

What can influence one’s sociolect?

Answer 6

The groups can be formed from factors like status, education, age, occupation, hobbies and gender.

Question 7

Phonemes

Answer 7

Smallest unit of sound, the 26 letters in the alphabet that make up words.

Question 8

Monosyllabic

Answer 8

One syllable words- simpler words.

Question 9

Polysyllabic

Answer 9

When a word has multiple syllables-more complex words.

Question 10

Phonetic spelling

Answer 10

When words are spelt as they are said to convey an accent.

Question 11

Prosody

Answer 11

Non-word aspects of speech like tone, stress, italic, bold, sneezing or coughing in speech, laughter.

Question 12

Assonance

Answer 12

When vowel sounds in the middle of two or more words are similar eg. kwick fit. This creates a comforting atmosphere.

Question 13

Dissonance

Answer 13

When vowel sounds in the middle of two or more words clash. This creates a uncomfortable atmosphere and shock.

Question 14

Rhyme

Answer 14

Associated with poetry, when two words have similar endings.

Question 15

Convergence

Answer 15

Speakers linguistically move towards each other.

Question 16

Divergence

Answer 16

Speakers linguistically move away from each other.

Question 17

Mutual Convergence

Answer 17

Both speakers move towards each other linguistically as accents are toned down to meet middle ground. This shows mutual like between speakers.

Question 18

Upwards Convergence

Answer 18

The less SE speaker becomes more SE (to seem more well educated, wealthy and to be respected more, fit in due to prejudice) while the other speaker does not change.

Question 19

Downwards Convergence

Answer 19

The more SE speaker tones down their accent (to be more friendly are relatable) while the less SE (lower status) accent does not change.

Question 20

Mutual Divergence

Answer 20

Both speakers move away from each other linguistically as accents become stronger. This shows mutual dislike between speakers.

Question 21

Upward Divergence

Answer 21

The more SE accent strengthens their accent to put extra distance between them and the less SE speaker. Usually due to pride and to get more power over them through prestige and sociolect expectations in society.

Question 22

Downward Divergence

Answer 22

The less SE accent strengthens their accent to put extra distance between them and the more SE speaker.

Question 23

Why would a speaker make their accent stronger?

Answer 23

Regional pride, with their family/friends with same accent, stronger accent, prejudice and stereotypes of certain accents, dislike between two regions.