Philosophy Chapter 1 Flashcards
Memorization
What is ethics?
Beliefs about how people should treat themselves and others morally.
What questions are explored in “Happiness or the Good Life”?
Does happiness consist of wealth, pleasure, or satisfying desires?
Can someone with all wants satisfied still be unhappy?
What is philosophical ethics?
It examines the grounds for ethical beliefs, questioning assumptions.
What are the three elements of philosophical ethics in this course?
Happiness or the Good Life, Duties to Others (Interpersonal Morality), and Justice.
What does personal happiness include?
Desire satisfaction, Freedom from domination, Non-conformity and life planning.
What are the two views of a righteous life?
Mark I: Greatest good for the greatest number (Effective Altruism).
Mark II: Never using people as a mere means to an end.
What does “impartial morality” address?
Balancing personal happiness and moral duties.
What constitutes just laws?
Impartial Constitution: Social contracts free from power inequalities.
Partial Constitution: Respect for natural rights like land, privacy, or bodily autonomy.
What are examples of justice topics discussed?
Legalization of drugs.
Free speech laws.
Affordable housing requirements.
What is self-presentation?
Choices about appearance, partially or fully controlled, like clothes or hairstyles.
What is “Bimbocore”?
A hyper-feminine fashion style, considered by some as unethical for reinforcing stereotypes.
What are the four norms of women’s fashion according to KML?
Vintage sexist couture.
Equality standards (levelling up or down).
Choice fashion.
Agency fashion.
What is moral confabulation?
Self-deception in justifying moral judgments with invalid reasons.
What are “directed disgust” and “incidental disgust”?
Directed: Yuck response to specific imagined actions.
Incidental: Yuck caused by unrelated stimuli (e.g., foul odors).
What is the “Spillover Argument”?
Individual choices impact societal perceptions, making private choices morally significant.
