Law definitions Flashcards

Memorize

1
Q

What’s Criminal Code

A

The body of him of public law that defines crimes & prescribes punishments

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2
Q

What’s Criminal offense

A

An action, omission, or state of mind being that is considered a crime, as defined in the Criminal Code or other criminal statute

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3
Q

Criminalize

A

To make a behavior a criminal offense in the Criminal Code or other criminal statute

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4
Q

Decriminalize

A

To make a behavior that was illegal punishable only by fines

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5
Q

Legalize

A

To make an act completely legal by removing it from the Criminal Code or other Criminal Statute

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6
Q

Procedural Justice

A

Fairness in the processes that resolve disputes

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7
Q

Impartiality

A

A principle that judicial decisions should be based on objective criteria and free from bias or conflicts of interest.

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8
Q

Enact

A

To pass a proposed law into legislation

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9
Q

Amend

A

To change existing legislations

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10
Q

Prosecute

A

To initiate & carry out legal action

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11
Q

Summary Conviction Offense

A

A minor criminal offense with less severe punishments, which is usually tried soon after the charge is laid (summarily) without a preliminary hearing or jury (Ex: Bullying). Max Penalty is up to $2000 in fines, or 6 months in jail and there is a 6 month limitation period to lay a charge.

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12
Q

Indictable Offense

A

A serious criminal offense with a severe penalty, proceeding by way of a formal court document called an indictment (Ex: Robbery or Murder). There is no statute of limitations and the Criminal Code sets a maximum penalty for each offense.

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13
Q

Hybrid Offense

A

A criminal offense proceeding by of a summary conviction or an indictable offense where the Crown decides which way to proceed (Ex: Impaired Driving). Until a decision is made, hybrid offenses remain indictable. Penalty can be from 2 years imprisonment to 10 years.

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14
Q

Statute of Limitations

A

A time limit imposed by law within which a specific action must be taken

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15
Q

Willful Blindless

A

The act of deliberately choosing to ignore certain facts or information

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16
Q

recklessness

A

A state of acting carelessly without regard for the consequences of one’s actions

17
Q

Criminal negligence

A

reckless disregard for the lives and safety of other people

18
Q

motive

A

the reason for commiting a certain act

19
Q

attempt

A

an act done with the intent to commit a criminal offense without success

20
Q

conspiracy

A

an agreement between 2 people or more people to commit an unlawful act

21
Q

aiding

A

assisting someone to commit an criminal offense

22
Q

abetting

A

encouraging or urging another person to commit a crime

23
Q

acessory after the fact

A

someone who knows that a crime has been commited & who helps the person who committed the crime to hide or escape from police

24
Q

principal offender

A

the one whose act is the most immediate cause of the actus reus (peperutator of the offense)