PHILLIT MODULE 2 Flashcards
“A poem is a meaningful organization of words
gemino abad
Poetry is the union of thoughts and feelings
Manuel Viray
Poetry, fiction as novels or short stories - these are autonomous as created by their authors.
They should stand on their own, like pieces of furniture that should be judged as to their usefulness, elegance
F. Sionil Jose
Poetry becomes a civilization of the human spirit.”
Jose Garcia Villa
Poetry is derived from the Greek word
poesis
poesis means
making or creating
It is a type of literature that evokes a concentrated imaginative awareness of experience or a specific
emotional response through language chosen and arranged for its meaning, sound, and rhythm.
poetry
- to convey an idea or emotion in beautiful language.
poetry
to transform imagery and words into verse form, to touch the hearts and minds of the readers.
poetry
5) things that we must remember about poetry
- Poetry is concentrated thought.
- Poetry is a kind of word-music.
- Poetry expresses all the senses.
- Poetry answers our demand for rhythm.
- Poetry is observation plus imagination.
are literary elements used in prose and poetry to stress certain sounds and create musical
effects.
sound devices
the repetition of vowel sounds in the same line
assonance
generally occurs when consonant sounds are repeated in the middle or end of a word
consonance
happens when consonant sounds are repeated in two or more words in a sentence that
are located next to or near each other.
alliteration
refers to the word which imitates the natural sounds of the things.
onomatopoeia
refers to the similarity of sounds in the lines of poetry. It is often found at the end of the lines.
rhyme
elements of poetry
music
emotion
imagery
journey
form
are words or phrases that depart from literal meaning to achieve fresh, image-driven, and
heightened meaning.
figurative language
figure of speech that makes a comparison, showing similarities between two different
things. It makes use of like or as.
simile
a figure of speech that makes an implicit, implied, or hidden comparison between two
things that are unrelated, but which share some common characteristics.
metaphor
figure of speech in which an idea or thing is given human attributes and feelings
or is spoken of as if it were human
personification
is a direct address to someone absent, dead, or inanimate.
apostrophe
means “change of name.”
metonymy
a literary device in which a part of something represents the whole, or it may use a
whole to represent a part.
synecdoche
from a Greek word meaning “over-casting,” is a figure of speech that involves an
exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis.
hyperbole
a figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is
different from the actual meaning of the words.
irony
a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of biblical, historical, cultural,
literary or political significance.
allusion
a literary and rhetorical device that is meant to mock, often with satirical or ironic
remarks, with a purpose to amuse and hurt someone, or some section of society, simultaneously.
sarcasm
a figure of speech pairing two words together that are opposing and/or contradictory.
oxymoron
phrase understood to mean something quite different from what individual words of the
phrase would imply
idiom
figurative language that represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way that it appeals
to our physical senses.
imagery
the use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities, by giving them symbolic meanings that
are different from their literal sense.
symbolism
a figure of speech that employs an understatement by using double negatives or, in other
words, a positive statement expressed by negating its opposite expressions.
litotes
a word play which suggests two or more meanings, by exploiting multiple
meanings of words, or of similar-sounding words, for an intended humorous or rhetorical effect.
pun/paranomasia
a rhetorical device that features repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of
successive sentences, phrases, or clauses
anaphora
the repetitive use of phrases or words that have similar meanings
tautology
a figure of speech employed by writers or speakers to intentionally make a
situation seem less important than it really is.
understatement
Meaningful poems take the reader to a new place of knowing, seeing, or understanding - like Alice down the
rabbit hole.
journey
The nugget of meaning; the vision, the life-lesson, the observation, or universal truth about life and/or
the human condition that can be made based on the experience of the poem.
theme
The essence that lingers after the poem’s end. How does the poem resonate with you?
reflective thought
has regular meter and rhyme scheme
has a restricted form
classical form
has no rhyme or rhythm
has an open and spontaneous form
free verse
type of poetry derived from the Japanese Hokku.Traditional Japanese haiku consist of three phrases that
contain a kireji, or “cutting word”, 17 on in a 5, 7, 5 pattern, and a kigo, or seasonal reference.
haiku
a comic verse which has 5 lines and a regular meter and rhyme scheme
limerick
- also known as “shape poetry”.
- a poem that visually takes the shape of the poem’s topic or theme
concrete poem
a poem which has 14 lines, and is written in iambic pentameter. Each line has 10 syllables. It expresses a
thought or idea and utilizes an established rhyme scheme.
sonnet
poems without rhythm and rhyme schemes, do not follow regular rhyme scheme rules, yet still
provide artistic expression. In this way, the poet can give his own shape to a poem however he or she desires
free verse
where a poet chooses to “break” or end a line.
add white space to a poem that offers a pause, suspense,
drama, or a time for the reader to think or to absorb a
moment of irony, humor, or pathos.
end line
The poet chooses to end the line in a way that breaks the normal expectation of where the
reader might otherwise “break” the line. The flow of verse simply continues into the next line without the
break of a period or a comma.
enjambment
Two lines of rhyming verse intentionally meant to operate “as a couple
couplet
How a poem groups and orders the lines of verse – for example two line stanzas are called couplets,
four line stanzas are called quatrains etc. Often, stanza breaks come at a moment where the poem takes a
turn, begins a new emphasis, or offers a kind of pause or progression.
stanza
How individual words, lines of verse, or stanzas are placed on the page enriches and complements the
meaning of the poem.
intentionality of placement
The purpose of all writing is to communicate effectively.
clarity
who says that the poems with the most
clarity and resonance “say the most they can in the fewest words possible.
robert frost
easily accessible and easy to understand
transparent
interpreted more figuratively than literrary
translucent
written with such a sense of mystery
opaque
· are richly layered.
· invite the reader to enter into the poem and to add their own life experiences.
· are literal and figurative
· have multiple layers of reception and perception.
complexity
· often have a surprising turn, a hinge moment, or a volta.
· have one or more “meta” moments.
· make use of the notion of caesura or dramatic pause.
ashtonishment
The child mildly danced in the wild.
Assonance
It will creep and beep while you sleep.
consonance
The wiggly wobbly wag.
Alliteration:
The rustling leaves kept me awake.
Onomatopoeia
Your face is as big as a seed,
but you do not bear fruit…
simile
Let thou be the street-cleaner
Whilst I be the read
methapor
The bullet said to the heart:
From now on we shall never part.
personification
Like the sampaguita
With wandering eye
Did a tiny fairy
Drop where you lie?
apostrophe
The pen is mightier than the sword.
Metonymy
He lives through the bottle.
Metonymy
I have read all of Shakespeare.
Metonymy
No busy hand provoke a tear
Synecdoche
No roving foot shall crush thee here
Synecdoche
I know not what to name thy charms,
Thou art half human, half divine;
And if I could hold thee in my arms,
I know both heaven and earth were mine.
Hyperbole-
If all these men whose heads are with the stars,
Who dream unceasingly of blazing royalty,
Will only strive to be like you.
A dweller of the sod with the heart of loyalty!
irony
Is a thing of thread
To nervous persons like me
It reminds me of a swaying Iscariot-
Suspended from a tree.
Allusion-
I silently screamed as I watch with horror
Oxymoron
He was clearly misunderstood.
Oxymoron
She is a living history.
Oxymoron
If you play your cards right, you may overcome the banes of life
idiom
The girl ran her hands on a soft satin fabric
imagery
It was dark and dim in the forest.
imagery
All the world’s a stage.
And all the men and women merely players;
they have their exits and their entrances;
And one man in his time plays many parts
symbolism
“I didn’t attend the funeral, but I sent a nice letter saying I approved of it
sarcasm
She is not unlike her mother
litotes
Atheism is a non-prophet institution.
Pun/Paronomasia
She was completely devoid of emotion.
Tautology
The tallest building in town is the library — it has thousands of stories!
Pun/Paronomasia
“Give me liberty or give me death.”
“Fool me once, shame on you.
Fool me twice, shame on me.”
anaphora
Sorrows discovered. Sadness found
Tautology
we do not succeed, we run the risk of failure.”
understatement
