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Philip II > Philip Religion > Flashcards

Philip Religion Flashcards

1
Q

did Philip’s Morisco policy show him as religiously motivated?

A

yes

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2
Q

what agreement did Philip not renew?

A

1526 agreement to exempt Moriscos from investigation by the inquisition

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3
Q

what were Philip’s 1560 policies against Moriscos?

A
  • attacked arabic culture
  • prohibited islamic dress
  • 1567 enforcement of decrees banning islamic practices and customs
  • no longer tolerance to continuation of islamic practices
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4
Q

what were the dates of the morisco revolt?

A

dec 1568 - 1570

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5
Q

what happened to Moriscos after the revolt?

A
  • spread across Spain

- over 100,000 deported

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6
Q

did Philip’s church taxation show him as religiously motivated?

A

no

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7
Q

how did church taxation increase over reign?

A

quadrupled

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8
Q

church taxation represented what percentage of Philip’s income?

A

20%

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9
Q

what % of church income did Philip tax?

A

50%

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10
Q

how much did three graces bring in?

A

1.4m ducats/year

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11
Q

when was the cruzada tax granted?

A

in 1484 for war w/ muslims - Philip continued carry it out

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12
Q

what was Philip’s money spent on?

A
  • wars - not religious
  • annexing Portugal in 1580
  • 1588 armada not religious
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13
Q

how did Philip have erastian control?

A

dominated church - appointed all bishops and archbishops

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14
Q

what did he use his erastian control to do ?

A

tax church heavily

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15
Q

how long did Philip refuse to introduce Tridentine decrees?

A

6 months

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16
Q

what did Philip do w/ ABT during caranza affair (1559-76)?

A

Philip took its income

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17
Q

what did Philip ignore in 1567?

A

pius V ban on bull fighting

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18
Q

what was there supposed to be a clear differentiation between?

A

church courts and normal - Philip constantly reaffirmed church men in normal courts

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19
Q

what did Philip tell church courts to ignore in 1572?

A

orders from Pope - he refused to allow appeal from Rome

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20
Q

where did Philip have a monastery ?

A

in el Escorial

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21
Q

how often did Philip go to mass?

A

daily

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22
Q

what did Philip do during easter?

A

retreated to monastery for a week

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23
Q

give an example of a shrine he personally endowed?

A
  • virgin of the pillar in saragossa

- shrine of our lady of Atocha

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24
Q

how often did Philip support inquisition?

A

at all times - sign of a good catholic

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25
Q

give two examples of Philip using the IQ for political purposes?

A
  • caranza affair

- arrest of perez

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26
Q

who was caranza, who was he arrested by and why?

A
  • he was ABT
  • arrested by Valdes (IG)
  • Valdes jealous of Carranza’s successful carrer
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27
Q

why was pope Pius v unhappy with arrest of caranza?

A

he was a devout AB

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28
Q

what did the papacy order Philip to do with Caranza?

A

release caranza - Philip refused for 7 years

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29
Q

what did Philip allow in 1566?

A
  • allowed caranza to go to Rome to be tried by papa courts
  • Philip sent spanish lawyers and managed to delay the trial
  • only sent caranza as he threatened to stop Cruzada tax
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30
Q

was caranza found guilty?

A
  • 1576 found guilty but not of heresy

- guilty of 16 ‘highly suspect’

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31
Q

what does the caranza affair show?

A

political power struggle between Philip and pope - not religiously motivated

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32
Q

when did Philip arrest Perez?

A

may 1591

33
Q

what did Philip argue w/ papacy about generally?

A

foreign policy

34
Q

what did sixtus v argue in 1589?

A

his FP was for power and security of Spain - not religious

35
Q

from when did popes want Philip to invade England and why?

A

1559 as from then Elizabeth I was clearly a protestant

-jan 1559 - religious settlement

36
Q

what did Pius IV want to do in 1561+1563?

A

excommunicate Elizabeth I - Philip stopped her from being excommunicated

37
Q

what did pius V do in 1570 and what did Philip do?

A

Excommunicated Elizabeth - philip refused to have the papul bill published in Spain

38
Q

why did Philip support England?

A
  • wanted strong alliance between eng+spain to help against France
  • politically not religiously motivated - ally w/ protestants to fight catholics
39
Q

what finally made Philip attack England?

A
  • 1585 treat on nonsuch - Elizabeth to send men and army to help dutch
  • armada not religiously motivated
40
Q

which pope was violently anti-spanish?

A

Paul IV

41
Q

what happened in 1593? (France)

A
  • Henry of Navarre (Henry IV) converted back to Catholicism

- clement VIII recognised him as catholic king of France

42
Q

did Philip stop fighting in France after 1593?

A
  • No

- he wanted his daughter to be queen of France

43
Q

what did papacy want Philip to do after battle of lepanto?

A

launch crusade to capture Jerusalem

44
Q

what did Philip do w/ turks in 1578?

A
  • signed a peace treaty - Philip happy that Turkish fleet no longer threat in Med
  • pope Gregory XIII massively annoyed - threatened to stop cruzada
  • only wanted to protect catholicism in his empire
45
Q

what were the aims of the tridentine decrees?

A
  • tradition stressed by decrees
  • role of bishops strengthened
  • priests were to
46
Q

how were the decrees successful?

A
  • strong emphasis on increasing power and efficiency of bishops
  • greater degree of uniformity
  • increase in understanding
47
Q

how did the decrees create a strong emphasis on increasing power and efficiency of bishops?

A
  • 6 new bishoprics in Aragon
  • Burgos upgraded to archbishopric in 1572
  • Valladolid made bishopric in 1595
48
Q

how did the decrees create a greater decree of unity

A
  • Foundation of 12 Franciscan convents in La Mancha, 17 monasteries in Madrid
  • over 80 discalced houses all over Spain after new order of discalced Carmelites founded by teresa of avian in 1562
49
Q

how did decrees increase understanding?

A
  • Inquisition records show, in toledo:
  • 1555 - 40% could recite lord’s prayer
  • 1600 - 82%
50
Q

how were decrees a failure?

A
  • Much opposition from clergy and laity
  • Vast areas people stayed loyal to local customs
  • Philip had lawyers check decrees
  • Some outstanding bishops, but thinly spread across Spain
51
Q

what was the opposition from clergy to the decrees?

A
  • Powerful cathedral chapters resented the new powers bishops had over them
  • Too few seminaries set up - only 20
52
Q

how did Vast areas people stayed loyal to local customs?

A
  • saints, procession and carnivals and recited orders refused to ban them
  • Inquisition records in 1590s still full of numerous complaints against poor christian understanding
53
Q

what did Philip have his lawyers do to the decrees?

A
  • check decrees
  • ratified by pope jan 1564
  • issued by Philip on 12 July
54
Q

in what years were several groups of protestants found?

A

1557-58 and 1559-62

55
Q

where were protestants found?

A

burgos, seville, Valladolid and Salamanca

56
Q

when were there 2 autos de fe in Valladolid?

A

may and October 1559

57
Q

how many autos de fe were there in seville and Valladolid? how many people were persecuted and died?

A
  • 6 autos de fe
  • 278 persecuted
  • 77 put to death
58
Q

by that year had Protestantism effectively been eradicated?

A

1562

59
Q

why was Philip worried about calvinism?

A

due to growth of French calvinism

60
Q

what did Philip order the viceroy of Catalonia to do in 1560?

A

monitor the borders

61
Q

what did Philip order the new viceroy of Catalonia to do in 1564?

A

new viceroy in 1564 ordered to improve frontier fortifications

62
Q

what did the French ambassador warn in 1565?

A

calvinist Geneva was planning to flood Spain with heretical books

63
Q

what did a September 1588 royal edict decree?

A

importing books without a license was punishable by death

64
Q

when was the first Spanish index of books listed ? what did it include?

A
  • august 1559
  • 670 works banned
  • including 14 editions of bible
65
Q

how many books were listed on the Spanish index of books by 1580?

A

2500

66
Q

what ban was introduced in November 1559?

A

ban on students at foreign unis

67
Q

when were jesuits founded?

A

1534 by Ignatius Loyola

68
Q

who were the jesuits? what did they do?

A

catholic missionaries that went around preaching and trying to improve the standard of Catholicism

69
Q

who did jesuits did especially good work with?

A

Strengthening belief of nobles and upper classes

70
Q

who became the 3rd general of Jesuits?

A

Francisco borja (duke of gandia

71
Q

how did Jesuit do good work with common people?

A

Pedro de león worked all over Andalusia and extremadura strengthening Catholicism of peasants

72
Q

why did Philip fully support the jesuits in 1560/70s?

A

they were under Spanish leadership

73
Q

in 1558, what % of jesuits were spanish?

A

70%

74
Q

in what year did jesuits pass into foreign leadership?

A

1573 - mercurian then aquaviva

75
Q

why was Philip unhappy with jesuits becoming more foreign?

A

thought they might be more loyal to pope than him

76
Q

what was Philip doing with jesuits during 1580s?

A

battling jesuits with popes

77
Q

what did Philip do in 1587 with jesuits? was it successful?

A
  • obtained pope’s approval for the appointment for the Spanish bishop of cartegna to carry out visitations of Spanish jesuits in order to remove them from papal obedience and control
  • attempted failed and 1588 aquaviva convinced pope to suspend the action
78
Q

what was found in every important town? (regarding jesuits)

A

jesuit colleges, preaching and missions

Philip II (10 decks)

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