General FP CK

Question 1

how was Philip viewed by those in LC?

Answer 1

as an outsider

Question 2

how was Philip very Castilian?

Answer 2

• born in Castile
• only spoke Castilian
• from 1561 made Madrid capital of empire

Question 3

how long did Philip visit LC for?

Answer 3

3yrs (1556-59)

Question 4

what did Philip promise to do in relation to LC?

Answer 4

to return - never visited after LC

Question 5

what year had Philip planned return to LC?

Answer 5

1568

Question 6

why was 1568 a specifically bad year for Philip?

Answer 6

• wife died
• son died
• morisco revolt
• ottoman threat

Question 7

who did Philip first chose as regent for LC?

Answer 7

Margaret of parma

Question 8

why was Margaret a bad regent?

Answer 8

• she was Italian and spent most time in Italy

- not an experienced politician

Question 9

who advised Margaret? why was this bad?

Answer 9

cardinal Granvelle - he was unpopular

Question 10

did Philip let Margret act freely?

Answer 10

no - tried to micro-manage her from Madrid

Question 11

what did Philip try to introduce to LC in 1561?

Answer 11

14 new bishops - add to existing 4

Question 12

why were dutch nobles upset with Philip trying to introduce new bishops?

Answer 12

• did it without consulting council of state in LC
• argued it was about Philip’s political control
• 1563 nobles forced Philip to scrap the plan

Question 13

what had led to more protestants in LC?

Answer 13

• treaty of cateau-cambresis 1559

- had re-opened Dutch-French border

Question 14

what happened to the IQ in LC under Philip?

Answer 14

increased in size under Philip’s orders

Question 15

what did the dutch do regarding the IQ?

Answer 15

1565 - 400 nobles singed letter asking Margaret to suppress IQ

Question 16

who went to meet Philip in 1565?

Answer 16

count of egremont went to Madrid to meet Philip

Question 17

what did egremont think happened in the meeting with Philip? what did Philip do with Margaret?

Answer 17

• egremont thought Philip had agreed to religious toleration
• Philip sent Margaret saying opposite
• Margaret wrote to Philip for clarification

Question 18

what was the iconoclastic fury in 1566?

Answer 18

• mobs attacked churches and destroyed images

- in Antwerp all 42 churches ransacked

Question 19

when and what was the convention of Nijmegen?

Answer 19

• march 1573
• restored trade relations between Eng + Spain
• compensated Genoese for their losses

Question 20

what did Philip ask for in the planning for the armada?

Answer 20

2 plans

Question 21

what was Santa cruz’s plan for the armada?

Answer 21

• big armada

- send some of armada to Ireland as bait

Question 22

what was Parma’s plan for the armada?

Answer 22

• sneak over in barges over night
• 30,000 troops
• attack would only work it totally secret

Question 23

what did Philip do with the 2 plans?

Answer 23

merged them

Question 24

what was the final plan for the armada?

Answer 24

• send 120 ships to holland to meet Parma

- ships then escort the barges

Question 25

who was in charge of the armada?

Answer 25

Medina sidonia

Question 26

why was Medina sidonia a poor choice?

Answer 26

• had no naval experience

- asked Philip not to do it - Philip rejected

Question 27

how did Philip plan everything for the armada?

Answer 27

• from crew’s rations to rules for their moral conduct

- organised where people would be sleeping

Question 28

how did Philip win the support of the Portuguese nobles?

Answer 28

paid ransoms for nobles to be freed from Morocco

Question 29

how did Philip persuade duchess of bruganza from the leadership race?

Answer 29

• gave duke of bruganza estates and the title of constable of Portugal
• released her son from prison in Spain

Question 30

between what dates did Philip stay in Portugal?

Answer 30

dec 1580 - feb 1583

Question 31

give examples of Philip displaying good govt in his management of Portugal?

Answer 31

• trimmed his beard in Portuguese style
• learnt Portuguese
• respected Portugal and its traditions