Phenomenology and Assessment of Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
what is the equation for anxiety
what areas can anxiety impact
physical health
psychological and emotional
social and occupation
functional impairment
what is the difference between anxiety and anxiety disorder
duration
cause
severity of symptoms
how does anxiety present
TEMPORARY AND IN CONTEXT
A normal emotion
Sense of threat
Apprehension
Increased heart rate/breathing
Changes in digestive system
Increased sweating
how does an anxiety disorder present
PERVASIVE OUT OF CONTEXT
Over estimated sense of threat
Hypervigilance (false alarms)
Rumination
Fear of loss of control
Palpitations
Dizziness / Derealisation
Nausea
Bladder/Bowel urgency
Excessive sweating
give some exampes of anxiety disorders
phobias
OCD
PTSD
social anxiety
panic disorder
illness anxiety disorder
generalised anxiety disorder
what physiological features of an anxiety disorder
Dizziness
Increased resp rate
Heart rate increased/palpitations
Tremor/shaking
Gastro issues/nausea
Tension
Headache
Sleep disturbance / fatigue
Pins & needles
what are some cognitive features of an anxiety disorder
overestimation of threat
Intrusive thoughts
Hypervigilance
Thoughts seen as facts
Negative appraisals
Attentional difficulties/biases
what are some behavioural features of an anxiety disorder
avoidance
safety behaviours
reassurance
what is CBT
interplay of
cognition, feelings
(physical & emotional)
and behaviour in the
maintenance o
an anxiety disorder can come out of nowhere
False
need a predisposing factor
Traumatic events,
health/development, bullying/shaming,
adverse childhood experiences, loss, significant transitions / changes etc .
In CBT what will they focus on for cognition
Normalisation
Psychoeducation
Thought diaries
Cognitive restructuring
Attention training/mindfulness
Imagery work
Memory work
In CBT what will they focus on for behaviour
Graded exposure
Exposure and response prevention
Behavioural experiments
Relaxation
Problem solving
what must you remember for anxiety in communication skills
anxiety affects attention and retention
CHUNK and CHECK
use easy metaphors
what is OCD
Distressing, persistent, intrusive thoughts or impulses (obsessions) and/or urges (compulsions) aimed at
alleviating distress or avoiding a feared outcome”
what is a generalised Anxiety disorder
Excessive worry and tension about every day events and problems, on most days, for at least 6 months, to the
point where the person experiences distress or has marked difficulty in performing day-to-day tasks.
what is social Anxiety disorder
Marked and excessive fear/anxiety that consistently occurs in one or more social situations (E.g. interactions
[conversations], being observed [eating/drinking], or performing in front of others [giving a lecture]). The
individual is concerned that they will act in a way that his negatively evaluated by others.
what is a panic disorder
Recurrent and unexpected panic attacks with a month or more of persistent concern about additional attacks,
worry about the implications of the attack, or significant behaviour change due to the attacks.
what is PTSD
Exposure to an extremely stressful or terrifying event — either being part of it or witnessing it. Symptoms
include intrusions, avoidance, negative alterations in mood/cognition and increased arousal.
what is illness anxiety disorder
Illness anxiety disorder is preoccupation with and fear of having or acquiring a serious disorder. Diagnosis is
confirmed when fears and symptoms (if any) persist for ≥ 6 months despite reassurance after a thorough
medical evaluation.
what general screening test can be done
GAD-7
what is the screening test for OCD
Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale
what is the screening test for panic disorders
Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS)
what is the screening for social anxiety
Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) – also has mini SPIN
what physical disorders can cause anxiety
Hyperthyroidism,
phaeochromocytoma, hyperparathyroidism,
hypercalcemia, cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory conditions (e.g., COPD),
temporal lobe epilepsy
